Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
CONSORT diagram. FIT, fecal immunochemical test.
Tables
- Table 1.
Baseline Electronic Health Record-Derived Demographic and Health Care Use Characteristics of Selected Adults Due for Colorectal Cancer Ccreening (n = 1767) Who Attended at Least 2 Clinic Visits in the Past 24 Months, Intention-to-Treat Analysis Sample
Characteristic Randomized Patients in Clinic A and Clinic B Clinic A (n = 678) N (%) Clinic B (n = 1089) N (%) Total (n = 1767) N (%) Age* Mean (SD) 58.6 (5.9) 58.6 (5.5) 58.6 (5.7) 50 to 64 558 (82.3) 939 (86.2) 1497 (84.7) 65 to 74 113 (16.7) 145 (13.3) 258 (14.6) Sex† Female 385 (56.8) 620 (56.9) 1005 (56.9) Male 292 (43.1) 469 (43.1) 761 (43.1) Ethnicity‡ Non-Hispanic/Latino 163 (24.0) 111 (10.2) 274 (15.5) Hispanic/Latino 506 (74.6) 966 (88.7) 1472 (83.3) Language§ English 223 (32.9) 458 (42.1) 681 (38.5) Spanish 438 (64.6) 611 (56.1) 1049 (59.4) Other 16 (2.4) 18 (1.7) 34 (1.9) Insurance Status Medicaid/Medicare 336 (49.6) 677 (62.2) 1013 (57.3) Uninsured 214 (31.6) 215 (19.7) 429 (24.3) Commercial 128 (18.9) 197 (18.1) 325 (18.4) Clinic visits in past year Mean (SD) 3.0 (2.8) 3.0 (3.3) 3.0 (3.1) No visits 133 (19.6) 221 (20.3) 354 (20.0) At least 1 visit 545 (80.4) 868 (79.7) 1413 (80.0) No show in past year No 269 (39.7) 330 (30.3) 599 (33.9) Yes 409 (60.3) 759 (69.7) 1168 (66.1) Prior fecal testing Never 356 (52.5) 518 (47.6) 874 (49.5) Ever 322 (47.5) 571 (52.4) 893 (50.5) Randomization arm Automated 226 (33.3) 363 (33.3) 589 (33.3) Live 226 (33.3) 363 (33.3) 589 (33.3) Automated plus live 226 (33.3) 363 (33.3) 589 (33.3) - Table 2.
Fecal Immunochemical Test Completion across Study Arms, Intention-to-Treat Analysis using Electronic Health Record Data Obtained 6 Months following Randomization
Analytic Method FIT Completion Rates Adjusted Difference in Proportions* (95%CI) Automated (A) Live (B) Automated Plus Live (C) B vs A C vs A C vs B N % Completed FIT (95% CI) N % Completed FIT (95% CI) N % Completed FIT (95% CI) Intention-to-treat 589 26.0 (22.4, 29.5) 589 32.3 (28.5, 36.0) 589 35.7 (31.8, 39.5) 6.3 (1.1, 11.4) 9.7 (4.4, 14.9) 3.4 (−2.0, 8.8) Per-protocol† 348 29.3 (24.5, 34.1) 487 36.3 (32.1, 40.6) 326 41.4 (36.0, 46.8) 6.9 (0.6, 13.4) 12.1 (4.9, 19.2) 5.1 (−1.8, 11.9) CI, confidential interval; FIT, fecal immunochemical test.
↵* Adjusted for clinic.
↵† Automated: successful delivery of text message and at least 1 automated phone call; live: successful delivery of at least 1 live phone call (left message or spoke to patient); automated plus live: successful delivery of text messages, at least 1 automated phone call, and at least 1 live phone call (left message or spoke to patient).
- Table 3.
Intervention Components Received and Their Association with Fecal Immunochemical Test Completion
Randomization Condition Reach, N (%) FIT Completion, % P value* Condition 1: automated† Text message prompt§ .70 Completed 471 (80.0) 26.3 Not completed 118 (20.0) 24.6 Automated phone call reminders <.01 Answered in-person 78 (13.2) 39.7 Answered by machine 358 (60.8) 25.7 Not completed 128 (21.7) 17.2 No call needed 25 (–) – Condition 2: live phone call Live phone call reminders <.01 Answered in-person 208 (35.3) 29.3 Answered by machine 116 (19.7) 7.8 Not completed 101 (17.1) 12.9 No call needed 164 (–) – Condition 3: automated plus live phone call Text message prompt§ .69 Completed 479 (81.3) 35.3 Not completed 110 (18.7) 37.3 Automated phone call reminders <.01 Answered in-person 72 (12.2) 55.6 Answered by machine 380 (64.5) 35.0 Not completed 116 (19.7) 24.1 No call needed 21 (–) – Live phone call reminders <.01 Answered in-person 176 (29.9) 28.4 Answered by machine 124 (21.1) 12.1 Not completed 105 (17.1) 8.6 No call needed 184 (–) – - Table 4.
Associations among Demographic and Health Care Use Characteristics and Fecal Immunochemical Test Completion, Intention-to-Treat Analysis
Characteristics FIT Completion (%) Unadjusted OR (95% CI) Multivariable Adjusted* OR (95% CI) Age 50 to 64 30.4 Reference Reference 65 to 74 35.7 1.27 (0.96, 1.68) 0.99 (0.73, 1.34) Sex Female 32.9 Reference Reference Male 29.2 1.19 (0.97, 1.46) 1.04 (0.83, 1.29) Ethnicity Non-Hispanic/Latino 28.5 Reference Reference Hispanic/Latino 31.9 1.18 (0.89, 1.57) 0.76 (0.53, 1.09) Language English 25.4 Reference Reference Spanish 35.2 1.59 (1.29, 1.97) 1.39 (1.07, 1.82) Other 29.4 1.22 (0.57, 2.61) 1.18 (0.50, 2.81) Insurance Medicaid/Medicare 32.7 Reference Reference Uninsured 29.1 0.85 (0.66, 1.08) 0.76 (0.58, 1.00) Commercial 29.8 0.88 (0.67, 1.15) 0.84 (0.63, 1.13) Clinic visits in past year No visits 21.2 Reference Reference At least one visit 33.8 1.90 (1.44, 2.51) 1.67 (1.22, 2.30) No-shows in past year No 29.0 Reference Reference Yes 32.4 1.17 (0.94, 1.45) 0.91 (0.71, 1.17) Prior fecal testing Never 17.2 Reference Reference Ever 45.1 3.97 (3.19, 4.95) 3.82 (3.04, 4.81) Clinic Clinic 1 32.2 Reference Reference Clinic 2 29.8 0.89 (0.73, 1.10) 0.91 (0.73, 1.15) CI, confidential interval; FIT, fecal immunochemical test; OR, odds ratio.
↵* Adjusted for all other variables in the model.
