Research ArticleOriginal Research

The Relationship Between Social Determinants of Health and Functional Capacity in Adult Primary Care Patients With Multiple Chronic Conditions

Levi N. Bonnell, Abigail M. Crocker, Kathleen Kemp and Benjamin Littenberg
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine July 2021, 34 (4) 688-697; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2021.04.210010

References

  1. 1.↵
    National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2011: with special feature on socioeconomic status and health. Hyattsville (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2012.
  2. 2.↵
    1. Coleman-Jensen A,
    2. Rabbit M,
    3. Gregory C,
    4. Singh A
    . Statistical supplement to Household Food Security in the United States in 2017. Washington (DC): U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service; 2018.
  3. 3.↵
    1. Henry M,
    2. Watt RRL,
    3. Shivji A
    , Abt Associates. The 2017 annual homeless assessment report (AHAR) to Congress. Part 1: point-in-time estimates of homelessness. Washington (DC): U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of Community Planning and Development; 2017.
  4. 4.↵
    1. Semega J,
    2. Fontenot K,
    3. Kollar M
    [Internet]. Income and poverty in the United States: 2017. Census Bureau; 2018. Available from: https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2017/demo/p60-259.html.
  5. 5.↵
    1. Stenholm S,
    2. Westerlund H,
    3. Head J,
    4. et al
    . Comorbidity and functional trajectories from midlife to old age: the Health and Retirement Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015;70:332–8.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  6. 6.↵
    1. Jindai K,
    2. Nielson CM,
    3. Vorderstrasse BA,
    4. Quinones AR
    . Multimorbidity and functional limitations among adults 65 or older, NHANES 2005–2012. Prev Chronic Dis 2016;13:E151.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  7. 7.↵
    1. Charkhchi P,
    2. Fazeli Dehkordy S,
    3. Carlos RC
    . Housing and food insecurity, care access, and health status among the chronically ill: an analysis of the behavioral risk factor surveillance system. J Gen Intern Med 2018;33:644–50.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  8. 8.↵
    1. Pobutsky AM,
    2. Baker KK,
    3. Reyes-Salvail F
    . Investigating measures of social context on 2 population-based health surveys, Hawaii 2010–2012. Prev Chronic Dis 2015;12:E221.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  9. 9.↵
    Joint Center for Housing Studies [Internet]. The state of the nation's housing 2016. Boston: Harvard University. Available from: http://www.jchs.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/jchs_2016_state_of_the_nations_housing_lowres_0.pdf.
  10. 10.↵
    1. Pan L,
    2. Sherry B,
    3. Njai R,
    4. Blanck HM
    . Food insecurity is associated with obesity among US adults in 12 states. J Acad Nutr Diet 2012;112:1403–9.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  11. 11.↵
    1. Redmond ML,
    2. Dong F,
    3. Goetz J,
    4. Jacobson LT,
    5. Collins TC
    . Food insecurity and peripheral arterial disease in older adult populations. J Nutr Health Aging 2016;20:989–95.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  12. 12.↵
    1. Seligman HK,
    2. Laraia BA,
    3. Kushel MB
    . Food insecurity is associated with chronic disease among low-income NHANES participants. J Nutrition 2009;140:304–10.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  13. 13.↵
    1. Seligman HK,
    2. Bindman AB,
    3. Vittinghoff E,
    4. Kanaya AM,
    5. Kushel MB
    . Food insecurity is associated with diabetes mellitus: results from the National Health Examination and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2002. J Gen Intern Med 2007;22:1018–23.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  14. 14.↵
    1. Berkowitz SA,
    2. Seligman HK,
    3. Choudhry NK
    . Treat or eat: food insecurity, cost-related medication underuse, and unmet needs. Am J Med 2014;127:303–10.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  15. 15.↵
    1. Gundersen C,
    2. Ziliak JP
    . Food insecurity and health outcomes. Health Aff (Millwood) 2015;34:1830–9.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  16. 16.↵
    1. Jackson JA,
    2. Branscum A,
    3. Tang A,
    4. Smit E
    . Food insecurity and physical functioning limitations among older U.S. adults. Preventive Medicine Reports 2019;14:100829.
    OpenUrl
  17. 17.↵
    1. Vozoris NT,
    2. Tarasuk VS
    . Household food insufficiency is associated with poorer health. J Nutr 2003;133:120–126.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  18. 18.↵
    1. Liu Y,
    2. Njai RS,
    3. Greenlund KJ,
    4. Chapman DP,
    5. Croft JB
    . Relationships between housing and food insecurity, frequent mental distress, and insufficient sleep among adults in 12 US states. Prev Chronic Dis 2009;11:E37.
    OpenUrl
  19. 19.↵
    1. Ding M,
    2. Keiley MK,
    3. Garza KB,
    4. Duffy PA,
    5. Zizza CA
    . Food insecurity is associated with poor sleep outcomes among US adults. J Nutrition 2015;145:615–21.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  20. 20.↵
    1. Lee JS,
    2. Frongillo EA Jr.
    . Factors associated with food insecurity among U.S. elderly persons: importance of functional impairments. J Gerontology: Series B 2001;56:S94–9.
    OpenUrl
  21. 21.↵
    1. Schure MB,
    2. Katon JG,
    3. Wong E,
    4. Liu CF
    . Food and housing insecurity and health status among U.S. adults with and without prior military service. SSM Popul Health 2016;2:244–8.
    OpenUrl
  22. 22.↵
    1. Muldoon KA,
    2. Duff PK,
    3. Fielden S,
    4. Anema A
    . Food insufficiency is associated with psychiatric morbidity in a nationally representative study of mental illness among food insecure Canadians. Social Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiology 2013;48:795–803.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  23. 23.↵
    1. Weaver LJ,
    2. Hadley C
    . Moving beyond hunger and nutrition: a systematic review of the evidence linking food insecurity and mental health in developing countries. Ecology Food Nutrition 2009;48:263–84.
    OpenUrl
  24. 24.↵
    1. DeNavas-Walt C,
    2. Proctor B,
    3. Lee CH
    . Income, poverty and health insurance coverage in the United States: 2005. Current Population Reports, Washington (DC): U.S. Census Bureau; 2006.
  25. 25.↵
    U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service [Internet]. Rural economy. Available from: https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/agand-food-statistics-charting-the-essentials/rural-economy/ 2019.
  26. 26.↵
    1. Coleman-Jensen A,
    2. Rabbitt MP,
    3. Gregory CA,
    4. Singh A
    . 2019 Household Food Security in the United States in 2018, ERR-270, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
  27. 27.↵
    1. Fogelholm M,
    2. Valve R,
    3. Absetz P,
    4. et al
    . Rural-urban differences in health and health behaviour: a baseline description of a community health-promotion programme for the elderly. Scand J Public Health 2006;34:632–40.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  28. 28.↵
    1. Tang WH,
    2. Topol EJ,
    3. Fan Y,
    4. et al
    . Prognostic value of estimated functional capacity incremental to cardiac biomarkers in stable cardiac patients. J Am Heart Assoc 2014;3:e000960.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  29. 29.↵
    1. Grodin JL,
    2. Hammadah M,
    3. Fan Y,
    4. Hazen SL,
    5. Tang WH
    . Prognostic value of estimating functional capacity with the use of the Duke Activity Status Index in stable patients with chronic heart failure. J Card Fail 2015;21:44–50.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  30. 30.↵
    1. Inouye SK,
    2. Peduzzi PN,
    3. Robison JT,
    4. Hughes JS,
    5. Horwitz RI,
    6. Concato J
    . Importance of functional measures in predicting mortality among older hospitalized patients. JAMA 1998;279:1187–93.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  31. 31.↵
    1. Jette M,
    2. Sidney K,
    3. Blumchen G
    . Metabolic equivalents (METS) in exercise testing, exercise prescription, and evaluation of functional capacity. Clin Cardiol 1990;13:555–65.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  32. 32.↵
    1. Hlatky MA,
    2. Boineau RE,
    3. Higginbotham MB,
    4. et al
    . A brief self-administered questionnaire to determine functional capacity (the Duke Activity Status Index). Am J Cardiol 1989;64:651–4.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  33. 33.↵
    1. Alonso J,
    2. Permanyer-Miralda G,
    3. Cascant P,
    4. Brotons C,
    5. Prieto L,
    6. Soler-Soler J
    . Measuring functional status of chronic coronary patients: reliability, validity and responsiveness to clinical change of the reduced version of the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI). Eur Heart J 1997;18:414–9.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  34. 34.↵
    1. Crocker A,
    2. Kessler R,
    3. van Eeghen C,
    4. et al
    . Integrating Behavioral Health and Primary Care (IBH-PC) to improve patient-centered outcomes in adults with multiple chronic medical and behavioral health conditions: study protocol for a pragmatic cluster-randomized control trial. Trials 2021;22:200.
    OpenUrl
  35. 35.↵
    1. Parissis JT,
    2. Nikolaou M,
    3. Birmpa D,
    4. et al
    . Clinical and prognostic value of Duke's Activity Status Index along with plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels in chronic heart failure secondary to ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 2009;103:73–5.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  36. 36.↵
    1. Ravani P,
    2. Kilb B,
    3. Bedi H,
    4. et al
    . The Duke Activity Status Index in patients with chronic kidney disease: a reliability study. CJASN 2012;7:573–80.
    OpenUrl
  37. 37.↵
    1. Morisky DE,
    2. Green LW,
    3. Levine DM
    . Concurrent and predictive validity of a self-reported measure of medication adherence. Med Care 1986;24:67–74.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  38. 38.↵
    1. Butler DC,
    2. Petterson S,
    3. Phillips RL,
    4. Bazemore AW
    . Measures of social deprivation that predict health care access and need within a rational area of primary care service delivery. Health Serv Res 2013;48:539–59.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  39. 39.↵
    Rural Health Research Center (RHRC) [Internet]. Rural-urban commuting area codes (RUCAs), 2008. Available from: http://depts.washington.edu/uwruca/.
  40. 40.↵
    1. Diez Roux AV,
    2. Mujahid MS,
    3. Hirsch JA,
    4. Moore K,
    5. Moore LV
    . The impact of neighborhoods on CV risk. Glob Heart 2016;11:353–63.
    OpenUrl
  41. 41.↵
    1. Kendall A,
    2. Olson CM,
    3. Frongillo EA Jr.
    . Relationship of hunger and food insecurity to food availability and consumption. J Am Diet Assoc 1996;96:1019–24.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  42. 42.↵
    1. Dixon LB,
    2. Winkleby MA,
    3. Radimer KL
    . Dietary intakes and serum nutrients differ between adults from food-insufficient and food-sufficient families: third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. J Nutr 2001;131:1232–46.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  43. 43.↵
    1. Monsivais P,
    2. Drewnowski A
    . The rising cost of low-energy-density foods. J Am Diet Assoc 2007;107:2071–6.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  44. 44.↵
    1. To QG,
    2. Frongillo EA,
    3. Gallegos D,
    4. Moore JB
    . Household food insecurity is associated with less physical activity among children and adults in the U.S. population. J Nutrition 2014;144:1797–1802.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  45. 45.↵
    1. Tawakol A,
    2. Osborne MT,
    3. Wang Y,
    4. et al
    . Stress-associated neurobiological pathway linking socioeconomic disparities to cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019;73:3243–55.
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
  46. 46.↵
    Core indicators of nutritional state for difficult-to-sample populations. J Nutr 1990;120:Suppl 1559–1600.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  47. 47.↵
    1. Kushel MB,
    2. Gupta R,
    3. Gee L,
    4. Haas JS
    . Housing instability and food insecurity as barriers to health care among low-income Americans. J Gen Intern Med 2006;21:71–7.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  48. 48.↵
    1. Phinney R,
    2. Danziger S,
    3. Pollack HA,
    4. Seefeldt K
    . Housing instability among current and former welfare recipients. Am J Public Health 2007;97:832–7.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  49. 49.↵
    1. Bailey ZD,
    2. Feldman JM,
    3. Bassett MT
    . How structural racism works—racist policies as a root cause of U.S. racial health inequities. N Engl J Med 2021;384:768–73.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  50. 50.↵
    1. Bailey ZD,
    2. Krieger N,
    3. Agenor M,
    4. Graves J,
    5. Linos N,
    6. Bassett MT
    . Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions. Lancet 2017;389:1453–63.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  51. 51.↵
    1. Gee GC,
    2. Ford CL
    . Structural racism and health inequities: old issues, new directions. Du Bois Rev 2011;8:115–32.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  52. 52.↵
    Fenton. Health care's blind side: the overlooked connection between social needs and good health. Princeton (NJ): Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; 2011. Available from: http://www.rwjf.org/en/library/research/2011/12/health-care-s-blind-side.html.
  53. 53.↵
    1. Baum FE,
    2. Begin M,
    3. Houweling TA,
    4. Taylor S
    . Changes not for the fainthearted: reorienting health care systems toward health equity through action on the social determinants of health. Am J Public Health 2009;99:1967–74.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  54. 54.↵
    1. Andermann A,
    2. Collaboration C
    . Taking action on the social determinants of health in clinical practice: a framework for health professionals. CMAJ 2016;188:E474–83.
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
  55. 55.↵
    1. Pinto AD,
    2. Bloch G
    . Framework for building primary care capacity to address the social determinants of health. Can Fam Physician 2017;63:e476–82.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
Back to top

In this issue

Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Email Article
Citation Tools

Jump to section

Keywords