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Influenza Vaccination and Hospitalizations Among COVID-19 Infected Adults

Ming-Jim Yang, Benjamin J. Rooks, Thanh-Tam Thi Le, Inocente O. Santiago, Jeffrey Diamond, Nicholas L. Dorsey and Arch G. Mainous
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine February 2021, 34 (Supplement) S179-S182; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2021.S1.200528

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Tables

  • Table 1.

    Baseline Characteristics of the Cohort (n = 2005)*

    Up-to-Date VaccinationN (%)Not Up-to-Date VaccinationN (%)
    N214 (10.7)1791 (89.3)
    Hospitalization for COVID-1943 (20.1)747 (41.7)
    ICU Admission for COVID-193 (1.4)133 (7.4)
    Age (mean ±SD)40.7±16.346.5±19.1
    Sex
     Male65 (30.7)733 (40.9)
     Female149 (69.3)1058 (59.1)
    Race/Ethnicity
     Non-Hispanic White97 (45.3)713 (40.4)
     Non-Hispanic Black73 (34.1)772 (43.8)
     Hispanic24 (11.3)170 (9.6)
     Other20 (9.3)108 (6.2)
    Hypertension22 (10.3)385 (21.5)
    Diabetes19 (8.9)232 (13.0)
    COPD3 (1.4)78 (4.4)
    Obesity14 (6.5)192 (10.7)
    Coronary Artery Disease2 (0.9)103 (5.8)
    Congestive Heart Failure2 (0.9)102 (5.7)

    • Abbreviations: COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU, intensive care unit; SD, standard deviation.

    • ↵*Cohort consisted of adults aged 18 years and older.

  • Table 2.

    Odds Ratios for COVID-19-related Hospitalizations between Confirmed Adult COVID-19 Patients without Up-to-Date Influenza Vaccination versus Those Who Were Up-to-Date

    Crude OR (95% CI)Adjusted OR* (95% CI)
    Hospitalization2.84 (2.03, 4.07)2.44 (1.68, 3.61)
    ICU Admission5.64 (2.11, 23.01)3.29 (1.18, 13.77)

    • Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; ICU, intensive care unit.

    • ↵*Model adjusted for race, age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity, coronary artery disease, and congestive heart failure.

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