Skip to main content

Main menu

  • HOME
  • ARTICLES
    • Current Issue
    • Ahead of Print
    • Archives
    • Abstracts In Press
    • Special Issue Archive
    • Subject Collections
  • INFO FOR
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Call For Papers
    • Subscribers
    • Advertisers
  • SUBMIT
    • Manuscript
    • Peer Review
  • ABOUT
    • The JABFM
    • Editorial Board
    • Indexing
    • Editors' Blog
  • CLASSIFIEDS
  • Other Publications
    • abfm

User menu

Search

  • Advanced search
American Board of Family Medicine
  • Other Publications
    • abfm
American Board of Family Medicine

American Board of Family Medicine

Advanced Search

  • HOME
  • ARTICLES
    • Current Issue
    • Ahead of Print
    • Archives
    • Abstracts In Press
    • Special Issue Archive
    • Subject Collections
  • INFO FOR
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Call For Papers
    • Subscribers
    • Advertisers
  • SUBMIT
    • Manuscript
    • Peer Review
  • ABOUT
    • The JABFM
    • Editorial Board
    • Indexing
    • Editors' Blog
  • CLASSIFIEDS
  • JABFM On Twitter
  • JABFM On YouTube
  • JABFM On Facebook
Research ArticleOriginal Research

Heart Disease in Adults With Down Syndrome Between 1996 and 2016

Veronica Fitzpatrick, Anne Rivelli, Kelsey Bria and Brian Chicoine
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine November 2020, 33 (6) 923-931; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2020.06.190425
Veronica Fitzpatrick
the Advocate Aurora Health, Downers Grove, IL (VF, AR, BC); James R. and Helen H. Russell Center for Research & Innovation, Park Ridge, IL (VF, AR); Rosalind Franklin Medical University/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL (KB); Advocate Medical Group Adult Down Syndrome Center, Park Ridge, IL (BC).
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Anne Rivelli
the Advocate Aurora Health, Downers Grove, IL (VF, AR, BC); James R. and Helen H. Russell Center for Research & Innovation, Park Ridge, IL (VF, AR); Rosalind Franklin Medical University/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL (KB); Advocate Medical Group Adult Down Syndrome Center, Park Ridge, IL (BC).
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Kelsey Bria
the Advocate Aurora Health, Downers Grove, IL (VF, AR, BC); James R. and Helen H. Russell Center for Research & Innovation, Park Ridge, IL (VF, AR); Rosalind Franklin Medical University/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL (KB); Advocate Medical Group Adult Down Syndrome Center, Park Ridge, IL (BC).
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Brian Chicoine
the Advocate Aurora Health, Downers Grove, IL (VF, AR, BC); James R. and Helen H. Russell Center for Research & Innovation, Park Ridge, IL (VF, AR); Rosalind Franklin Medical University/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL (KB); Advocate Medical Group Adult Down Syndrome Center, Park Ridge, IL (BC).
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Tables
  • Figure 1.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    Figure 1.

    Odds ratio (OR) of condition among Down syndrome (DS) sample relative to general population. *OR = 1: Likelihood of condition in DS sample is the same as the likelihood of condition in general population. *OR > 1: Likelihood of condition in DS sample is greater than the likelihood of condition in general population. *OR < 1: Likelihood of condition in DS sample is lesser than the likelihood of condition in general population. Abbreviations: CHD, Coronary heart disease; MI, myocardial infarction; DM, diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; TC, total cholesterol.

Tables

  • Figures
    • View popup
    Table 1.

    Demographics among Down syndrome (DS) Sample and General Population

    Demographic FactorsDS SampleGeneral Population Estimates*
    Age, yearsn = 2342n = 244,652,666
     18 to 29652 (27.84%)53,199,212 (21.74%)†
     30 to 39406 (17.34%)41,412,561 (16.93%)
     40 to 49437 (18.66%)41,412,561 (16.93%)
     50 to 59553 (23.61%)43,642,468 (17.84%)
     60 to 69268 (11.44%)34,085,723 (13.93%)
     70 to 7926 (1.11%)19,113,489 (7.81%)
     80+0%11,786,652 (4.82%)
    Sexn = 2342n = 245,736,019
     Male1085 (46.33%)119,945,724 (48.60%) (>=18)
     Female1257 (53.67%)125,790,295 (51.40%) (>=18)
    Racen = 2342n = 318,558,162
     Caucasian1419 (80.03%)233,657,078 (73.30%)
     African American151 (8.52%)40,241,818 (12.60%)
     American Indian/Alaska Native1 (0.06%)2,597,817 (0.80%)
     Asian36 (2.03%)16,614,625 (5.20%)
     Other‡166 (9.36%)25,446,824 (8.10%)
    Ethnicityn = 2342n = 318,558,162
     Hispanic or Latino136 (7.67%)55,199,107 (17.30%)
     Not Hispanic or Latino1586 (89.45%)263,359,055 (82.70%)
     Declined51 (2.88%)—
    • ↵* The 2016 entire general population (n = 318,558,162) was provided, with associated percentages across described age groups. These percentages were used to calculate raw numbers and adjusted percentages of adults ≥ 18 years only (n = 244,652,666). Race and ethnicity represent the entire general population, including youth.

    • ↵>† General population heart disease, stroke and associated risk condition prevalence throughout this paper represent adults ages ≥ 20 years. Adults ages 20 to 29 years make up 18.23%, or 44,598,142 individuals, of the general adult population.

    • ↵‡ Other represents individuals who identified as “Unknown” or “Declined” among DS sample and as “Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander,” “Some Other Race” or “Two or More Races” among general population. The following results will describe OR with associated P-values comparing prevalence of the following heart disease-related conditions among adults with DS to the general population: Coronary heart disease (CHD), Angina, myocardial infarction (MI), and HF, Stroke, diabetes mellitus (DM), Hypertension, Overweight Status, and High total cholesterol (TC). See Table 2 for complete results and Figure 1 for a mapping of the odds ratios (ORs).

    • View popup
    Table 2.

    Prevalence among Down syndrome (DS) Sample and General Population

    Clinical Disease ConditionsDSGeneral PopulationOR (95% CI)P-Value
     CHD (includes angina and MI)9/2342 (0.38%)18,200,000/271,641,791 (6.70%)0.05 (0.03, 0.10)<.0001*
     Angina2/2342 (0.09%)9,400,000/261,111,111 (3.60%)0.02 (0.01, 0.09)<.0001*
     MI1/2342 (0.04%)8,400,000/280,000,000 (3.00%)0.01 (0.00, 0.10)<.0001*
     Heart failure33/2342 (1.41%)6,200,000/281,818,181 (2.20%)0.64 (0.45, 0.90).01†
     Stroke69/2342 (2.95%)7,000,000/280,000,000 (2.50%)1.18 (0.93, 1.50).17
    Risk conditions
     DM117/2342 (5.00%)26,000,000/265,306,122 (9.80%)0.48 (0.40, 0.58)<.0001†
     Hypertension63/2342 (2.69%)116,400,000/253,043,478 (46.0%)0.03 (0.03, 0.04)<.0001†
     Overweight (BMI, 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m2‡)1332/1814 (73.43%)157,232,115/226,559,242 (69.40%)1.22 (1.10, 1.35).00†
     Obesity (BMI, 30.0+ kg/m2‡)780/1814 (43.00%)82,241,005/226,559,242 (36.30%)1.32 (1.21, 1.45)<.0001†
     High TC (TC ≥ 240 mg/dL)63/2342 (2.69%)28,500,000/243,589,743 (11.70%)0.21 (0.16, 0.27)<.0001†
    • BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; MI, myocardial infarction; TC, total cholesterol; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

    • ↵* Indicates statistical significance at P < .05 using Fisher’s Exact test.

    • ↵† Indicates statistical significance at P < .05 using Pearson’s chi-square test.

    • ↵‡ General population statistics for these conditions represent 2011 to 2014 data instead of 2013 to 2016 data.

    • View popup
    Appendix. International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Codes Defining Clinical Disease Conditions

    Clinical Disease ConditionICD-9 CodeICD-10 Code
    Coronary heart disease (CHD)414.10–414.9, 429.2I20–I25.9
    Myocardial infarction (MI)410.00–410.92I21–I22
    Angina413.0–413.1, 413.9I20.9
    Heart failure428.0I50
    Stroke (cerebrovascular disease)430–438I60–I69
    Risk conditions
     Hypertension401.0–401.1, 401.9, 405.19, 405.99I10–I15
     Diabetes mellitus (DM)250.00–250.99E10–E14
     Overweight status*——
     Elevated Total Cholesterol (TC) ( ≥ 240 mg/dL)——
    • ICD, International Classification of Diseases.

    • * BMI values  ≥ 25.0 was used to define overweight status, not ICD codes.

PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

The Journal of the American Board of Family     Medicine: 33 (6)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 33, Issue 6
November-December 2020
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • Cover (PDF)
  • Index by author
  • Back Matter (PDF)
  • Front Matter (PDF)
Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Board of Family Medicine.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Heart Disease in Adults With Down Syndrome Between 1996 and 2016
(Your Name) has sent you a message from American Board of Family Medicine
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the American Board of Family Medicine web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
4 + 0 =
Solve this simple math problem and enter the result. E.g. for 1+3, enter 4.
Citation Tools
Heart Disease in Adults With Down Syndrome Between 1996 and 2016
Veronica Fitzpatrick, Anne Rivelli, Kelsey Bria, Brian Chicoine
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Nov 2020, 33 (6) 923-931; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2020.06.190425

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Heart Disease in Adults With Down Syndrome Between 1996 and 2016
Veronica Fitzpatrick, Anne Rivelli, Kelsey Bria, Brian Chicoine
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Nov 2020, 33 (6) 923-931; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2020.06.190425
Reddit logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Acknowledgments
    • Notes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • Must-Read Family Medicine Research--Glucosamine/Chondroitin Supplements and Mortality, Telomere Length and the Doctor-Patient Relationship, Reducing Opioid Use, and More
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Interpersonal Primary Care Continuity for Chronic Conditions Is Associated with Fewer Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits Among Medicaid Enrollees
  • Food Insecurity Screening in Safety-Net Clinics in Los Angeles County: Lessons for Post-Pandemic Planning
  • The Prevalence of Periodontitis Among US Adults with Multimorbidity Using NHANES Data 2011–2014
Show more Original Research

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Chronic Disease
  • Cohort Studies
  • Down Syndrome
  • Heart Diseases
  • Prevalence
  • Primary Health Care
  • Preventive Health Services
  • Retrospective Studies

Navigate

  • Home
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues

Authors & Reviewers

  • Info For Authors
  • Info For Reviewers
  • Submit A Manuscript/Review

Other Services

  • Get Email Alerts
  • Classifieds
  • Reprints and Permissions

Other Resources

  • Forms
  • Contact Us
  • ABFM News

© 2023 American Board of Family Medicine

Powered by HighWire