Article Figures & Data
Tables
Demographic SA LfR (1 to 2) HfR (>3) P value SA vs LfR LfR vs HfR SA vs HfR Patients 1410 897 314 NA NA NA Age, mean (SD) 58.7 (15.9) 56.2 (18.2) 56.1 (16.0) .0099 .63 .019 Sex Male, no. (%) 555 (39.4) 361 (40.2) 153 (48.7) .70 .011 .0028 Female, no. (%) 855 (60.6) 536 (59.8) 161 (51.3) Race White, no. (%) 838 (59.4) 527 (58.8) 175 (55.7) .92 .40 .33 Black, no. (%) 513 (36.4) 330 (36.8) 128 (40.8) Other, no. (%) 59 (4.2) 40 (4.5) 11 (3.5) Ethnicity Hispanic, no. (%) 41 (2.9) 32 (3.6) 13 (4.1) .45 0.77 0.34 Non-Hispanic, no. (%) 1369 (97.1) 865 (96.4) 301 (95.9) Zip Code East area 461 (32.7) 277 (30.9) 111 (35.4) .056 .34 .19 West area 307 (21.8) 168 (18.7) 54 (17.2) Other 642 (45.5) 452 (50.4) 149 (47.5) Marital Status Single, no. (%) 681 (48.3) 466 (52.0) 183 (58.3) .23 .15 .0059 Married, no. (%) 561 (39.8) 332 (37.0) 100 (31.8) Other, no. (%) 168 (11.9) 99 (11) 31 (9.9) Insurance Status Medicare, no. (%) 668 (47.4) 428 (47.7) 167 (53.2) <.001 .021 <.001 Medicaid, no. (%) 257 (18.2) 227 (25.3) 87 (27.7) Other, no. (%) 485 (34.4) 242 (27.0) 60 (19.1) Deaths, no. (%) 156 (11.1) 193 (21.5) 120 (38.2) <.001 <.001 <.001 SD, standard deviation; SA, single admissions; LfR, low-frequency readmissions; HfR, high-frequency admissions; NA, not applicable.
Characteristic SA LfR (1 to 2) HfR (>3) P value SA vs. LfR LfR vs. HfR SA vs. HfR Length of stay, mean (± SD) 2.9 (2.9) 4.5 (2.9) 5.0 (3.5) <.001 <.001 <.001 Psychiatric diagnosis* Yes 602 (42.7) 413 (46.0) 174 (55.1) .61 .0063 <.001 No 808 (57.3) 484 (54.0) 140 (44.9) Substance abuse diagnosis* Yes 187 (13.0) 115 (12.7) 56 (19.1) .56 .0071 .0095 No 1223 (87.0) 782 (87.3) 258 (80.9) Chronic pain diagnosis* Yes 102 (6.9) 71(7.8) 37 (12.9) .97 .0089 .0033 No 1308 (93.1) 826 (92.2) 277 (87.1) Medication list: mean (±SD) 8.7 (5.7) 9.8 (7.2) 14.1 (7.4) .0052 <.001 <.001 Problems list, mean (±SD) 12.7 (8.2) 13.7 (9.7) 19.5 (10.7) .11 <.001 <.001 Charlson index, mean (±SD) 2.0 (2.1) 3.0 (2.7) 4.6 (2.7) <.001 <.001 <.001 Morse Fall Score, mean (±SD)* 48.6 (19.0) 50.2 (17.5) 52.8 (14.8) <.001 .0049 <.001 SD, standard deviation; SA, single admissions; LfR, low-frequency readmissions; HfR, high-frequency admissions.
↵* Diagnosis found on problem list.
SA LfR HfR Diagnosis N Diagnosis N Diagnosis N Chest pain NOS (78650) 90 Septicemia NOS (0389) 38 Obs chro bronc w(ac) exac (49121) 16 Chest pain NEC (78659) 88 Chest pain NEC (78659) 27 Chest pain (NEC) 12 Septicemia NEC (0389) 49 Obs chro bronc w(ac) exac (49121) 21 Pneumonia, organism NOS (486) 9 Syncope and collapse (7802) 44 Acute kidney failure NOS (5849) 21 Septicemia NEC (0389) 8 Obs chro bronc w(ac) exac (49121) 38 Acute pancreatitis (5770) 17 Chest pain NOS (78650) 8 Pneumonia, organism NOS (486) 34 Chest pain NOS (78650) 17 Urinary tract infection NOS (5990) 7 Atrial fibrillation (42731) 29 Pneumonia, organism NOS (486) 15 Hb-SS disease with crisis (28262) 6 Acute kidney failure NOS (5849) 29 Acute on chronic systolic heart failure (42823) 12 Acute on chronic systolic heart failure (42823) Urinary tract infection NOS (5990) 25 Hypertension NOS (4019) 11 Antineoplastic chemotherapy encounter (V5811) 6 Cellulitis of leg (6826) 24 Subendocardial infarction, initial (41071) 10 Acute on chronic diastolic heart failure (42833) 5 SA, single admissions; LfR, low-frequency readmissions; HfR, high-frequency admissions; NOS, not otherwise specified; NEC, not elsewhere classifiable; Hb-SS, sickle cell disease; Obs chro bronc w(ac) exac; obstructive chronic bronchitis with acute exacerbation.
- Table 4.
Patient Characteristics at Time of Initial Admission that Predict High-Frequency Readmission
Predictor Category HfR vs. Cohorts SA + LfR Odds Ratio (95% CI) P value Age group Young (<40 years of age) 2.919 (1.921–4.140) <.001 Middle (>40 and <60 years of age) 1.582 (1.190–2.103) .002 Old (>60 years of age) — — CCI Low (<1) — — Medium (2–4) 1.952 (1.476–2.598) <.001 High (>5) 8.815 (5.725–13.859) <.001 Morse fall score No risk (0–24) — — Low risk (25–50) 1.952 (1.476–2.598) <.001 Marital status Single 1.358 (1.042–1.1772) .024 Medication list High (>12) 1.380 (1.046–1.819) .022 Problem list High (>16) 1.366 (1.037–1.797) .026 CI, confidential interval; SA, single admissions; LfR, low-frequency readmissions; HfR, high-frequency admissions; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index.
