Article Figures & Data
Tables
Patient Characteristics Included in Analysis (n = 3738) Excluded from Analysis (n = 1620) P Total (n = 5358) Risk behaviors Current smokers (n [%]) 920 (24.61) 370 (25.22) .6468 1290 (24.78) Diet score (mean [SD]) 5.66 (2.57) 5.58 (2.54) .2854 5.64 (2.56) MET-minutes (mean [SD]) 2356 (3202) 2145 (2916) .0407 2308 (3141) Gender (n [%]) .0009 Men 1010 (27.02) 498 (31.50) 1508 (28.35) Women 2728 (72.98) 1083 (68.50) 3811 (71.65) Age (years) (mean [SD]) 48 (16.00) 55 (17.00) <.0001 50 (16.60) Race/ethnicity (n [%]) .1889 Non-Hispanic white 2229 (61.09) 883 (58.21) 3112 (60.24) Non-Hispanic black 612 (16.77) 278 (18.33) 890 (17.23) Hispanic/Latino 631 (17.29) 287 (18.92) 918 (17.77) Other 177 (4.85) 69 (4.55) 246 (4.76) Education (n [%]) <.0001 <High school 457 (12.23) 321 (19.81) 778 (14.52) High school graduate or GED 982 (26.27) 466 (28.77) 1448 (27.03) >High school 2174 (58.16) 674 (41.60) 2848 (53.15) No response 125 (3.34) 159 (9.81) 284 (5.30) Income (per year) (n [%]) <.0001 <$25,000 1373 (36.76) 686 (42.35) 2059 (38.43) $25,000–$49,999 850 (22.74) 321 (19.81) 1171 (21.86) ≥$50,000 995 (26.62) 359 (22.16) 1354 (25.27) No response 520 (13.91) 254 (15.68) 774 (14.45) Body mass index (mean [SD]) 31.09 (8.09) 29.98 (7.42) <.0001 30.76 (7.92) Overall unhealthy days (n [%]) .4445 0 1017 (27.21) 228 (28.97) 1245 (27.51) 1–13 1432 (38.31) 284 (36.09) 1716 (37.92) ≥14 1289 (34.48) 275 (34.94) 1564 (34.56) Physically unhealthy days (n [%]) <.0001 0 1586 (42.43) 401 (35.64) 1987 (40.86) 1–13 1384 (37.03) 449 (39.91) 1833 (37.69) ≥14 768 (20.55) 275 (24.44) 1043 (21.45) Mentally unhealthy days (n [%]) .0999 0 1692 (45.26) 445 (48.11) 1987 (45.83) 1–13 1236 (33.07) 272 (29.41) 1833 (32.34) ≥14 810 (21.67) 208 (22.49) 1043 (21.83) Bolded values signify P < 0.05.
- Table 2.
The Relationship Between Unhealthy Days and Risk Behaviors: a Multilevel Ordinal Regression Model20 (n = 3738)
ML Estimate Standard Error tTest Score P Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) Threshold 2* 1.7919 0.0423 42.37 <.0001 Intercept 0.6137 0.1245 4.93 <.0001 1.00 (1.00) Patient risk behaviors Smoking 0.4148 0.0759 5.47 <.0001 1.51 (1.30, 1.76) Diet Score†‡ 0.0966 0.0128 7.56 <.0001 1.10 (1.07, 1.13) Exercise MET minutes‡ -0.0375 0.0102 -3.70 .0005 0.96 (0.94, 0.98) Patient demographics Age‡ -0.0105 0.0022 -4.83 <.0001 0.99 (0.99, 0.99) Female 0.3367 0.0741 4.55 <.0001 1.40 (1.21, 1.62) African-American§ -0.1315 0.0916 -1.44 .1559 0.88 (0.73, 1.05) Hispanic§ -0.2318 0.1084 -2.14 .0363 0.79 (0.64, 0.98) Low income 0.5867 0.0759 7.73 <.0001 1.80 (1.55, 2.09) Practice characteristics Registry‖ -0.2045 0.1142 -1.79 .0782 0.82 (0.65, 1.02) University owned 0.4389 0.1491 2.94 .0045 1.55 (1.16, 2.08) Hospital owned -0.0214 0.1056 -0.20 .8397 0.98 (0.80, 1.20) Other 0.4849 0.1697 2.86 .0058 1.62 (1.16, 2.26) Bolded values signify P < 0.05.
* With intercept plus coefficients, model estimates log odds (ML estimate) of having 0 unhealthy days as opposed to 1–30 unhealthy days. The addition of threshold 2 to the log odds estimates log odds of having 0–13 unhealthy days compared to 14–30 unhealthy days.
† Ranging 0–14, where 0 is best and 14 is worst diet.
‡ Centered at the mean of the sample.
§ Compared with non-Hispanic whites.
‖ Compared with private clinician-owned.