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Research ArticleOriginal Research

The “Measuring Outcomes of Clinical Connectivity” (MOCC) Trial: Investigating Data Entry Errors in the Electronic Primary Care Research Network (ePCRN)

Patricia Fontaine, Tai J. Mendenhall, Kevin Peterson and Stuart M. Speedie
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine March 2007, 20 (2) 151-159; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2007.02.060069
Patricia Fontaine
MD, MS
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Tai J. Mendenhall
PhD, LMFT
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Kevin Peterson
MD, MPH
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Stuart M. Speedie
PhD
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  • Article
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    Figure 1.

    MOCC Trial desktop for the Long-form group.

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    Figure 2.

    MOCC Trial desktop for the short-form group.

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    Table 1.

    Practice-Based Research Networks Participating in the ePCRN

    APBRNAlabama Practice-Based Research NetworkAlabama
    Myra Crawford, PhD; T. Michael Harrington, MD; Jean Marie White
    BIGHORNBuilding InvestiGative practices for better Health Outcomes Research NetworkColorado
    Peter Smith, MD; Linda Niebauer
    CaReNetColorado Research NetworkColorado
    Bennett Parnes, MD; Doug Fernald, MA; Linda Niebauer
    HPRNHigh Plains Research NetworkColorado
    John Westfall, MD; Linda Zittleman, MSPH
    INETIndiana Family Practice Research NetworkIndiana
    Deborah Allen, MD; Carolyn Muegge
    MAFPRNMinnesota Academy of Family Physicians Research NetworkMinnesota
    Kevin Peterson, MD; Patricia Fontaine, MD; Tai Mendenhall, PhD; Jacky Hansen
    OKPRNOklahoma Physicians Resource Research NetworkOklahoma
    James W. Mold, MD; Zsolt Nagykaldi, PhD
    PSARNPenn State Ambulatory Research NetworkPennsylvania
    Alan Adelman, MD; Marie Graybill, RN
    SoFla-PBRNSouth Florida Primary Care Practice-Based Research NetworkFlorida
    John G. Ryan, DrPh; Fulton Vasquez, MD; Andrea Escobar
    STARNETSouth Texas Ambulatory Research NetworkTexas
    Walter Calmbach, MD; Michael Parchman, MD
    UNYNETUpstate New York Practice-Based Research NetworkNew York
    Chester Fox, MD; Christine Kudla
    NRNNational Research Network–American Academy of Family PhysiciansNational
    Wilson Pace, MD; Mindy Spano
    • View popup
    Table 2.

    Demographic Characteristics of Participants by Group Assignment (Long- or Short-form Group)

    Short-form Group n = 48Long-form Group n = 50P Value
    Gender (%male)2835.23
    Age (mean in years)49.246.9.89
    Professional degree.60
        MD/DO*4443
        NP/PA21
        MS, MPH, PhD24
    Ethnicity.33
        Non-Hispanic/Latino4646
        Hispanic/Latino13
        Years in practice (mean)21.720.8.66
    • * MD, doctor of medicine; DO, doctor of osteopathy; NP, nurse practitioner; PA, physician’s assistant; MS, master of science; MPH, master of public health; PhD, doctoral degree.

    • View popup
    Table 3.

    Errors (Incorrect and Missing Data) by Field Type* and by Group Assignment

    Field Types (N = 4900)Data ElementsErrorsTotals (%)
    Short-form Group†Long-form Group‡
    Numeric (n = 2450)Age215
    Weight1234
    Blood Pressure05
    A1C2329
    Creatinine2637
    Numeric subtotal183 (7.5%)
    Date (n = 980)Birth date15924
    Visit date13619
    Date subtotal43 (4.4%)
    Text (n = 490)Name285684
    Text subtotal84 (17.1%)
    Select Option (n = 980)Pregnant123445
    Gender112
    Select subtotal47 (4.9%)
    Total357 (7.3%)
    • * Field types are groups of data elements with common characteristics. The MOCC Trial case report forms contained numeric fields (numbers only), date fields (numbers in specific date formatting), text fields (alphabetic characters), and select option fields (choice of options from a menu).

    • † Forty-eight participants entered 10 data items for 5 cases for a total of 2400 data fields.

    • ‡ Fifty participants entered 10 data items for 5 cases for a total of 2500 data fields.

    • View popup
    Table 4.

    Percentage Correct Data Entry by Field Type and Group

    Field TypePercent CorrectF(1,96)P Value
    Short FormLong Form
    Numeric94.890.45.813.018
    Date94.297.01.386.242
    Text94.088.26.671.011
    Select option95.086.46.805.011
    Total94.590.8—*.004
    • * t = 2.95.

    • View popup
    Table 5.

    Correctable and Noncorrectable Errors by Field Type*

    Field TypeError TypeFrequency
    NumericWrong numeral (within range)37
    Wrong numeral (outside range)3
    Text error100
    Missing (no data entered in field)43
    DateWrong numeral (within range)20
    Wrong numeral (outside range)2
    Text error11
    Missing (no data entered in field)10
    TextMisspelling49
    Incorrect format or punctuation35
    Missing (no data entered in field)0
    Select option—genderIncorrect selection0
    Missing (no data entered in field)2
    Select option—pregnantIncorrect selection5
    Missing (no data entered in field)22
    Programming error18
    Total noncorrectable error rate111 (2.3%)
    Total error rate357 (7.3%)
    • * A total of 4900 fields. Correctable errors are those amenable to programmable validations. Noncorrectable errors (underlined) would have escaped programmed range checks, forced data entry (inability to proceed past an empty data field), and formatting.

Additional Files

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    • Erratum: Funding Statement
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The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine: 20 (2)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 20, Issue 2
March-April 2007
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The “Measuring Outcomes of Clinical Connectivity” (MOCC) Trial: Investigating Data Entry Errors in the Electronic Primary Care Research Network (ePCRN)
Patricia Fontaine, Tai J. Mendenhall, Kevin Peterson, Stuart M. Speedie
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Mar 2007, 20 (2) 151-159; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2007.02.060069

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The “Measuring Outcomes of Clinical Connectivity” (MOCC) Trial: Investigating Data Entry Errors in the Electronic Primary Care Research Network (ePCRN)
Patricia Fontaine, Tai J. Mendenhall, Kevin Peterson, Stuart M. Speedie
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Mar 2007, 20 (2) 151-159; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2007.02.060069
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