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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Burnout, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Family Physicians in Kansas: 18 Months into the COVID-19 Pandemic

Samuel Ofei-Dodoo, Colleen Loo-Gross and Rick Kellerman
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine August 2022, jabfm.2022.AP.220045; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2022.AP.220045
Samuel Ofei-Dodoo
From Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita.
PhD, MPA, MA
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Colleen Loo-Gross
From Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita.
MD, MPH
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Rick Kellerman
From Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita.
MD
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Article Figures & Data

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    Appendix.

    Follow-up Survey on How Family Physicians are Responding to COVID-19

Tables

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    Table 1.

    Respondents' Characteristics

    Characteristics2020 (N = 113)2021 (N = 133)P Value
    Gender, no. (%)0.543
        Male53 (46.9)68 (51.1)
        Female43 (38.1)51 (38.3)
        Prefer to not answer1 (0.9)1 (0.8)
        Missing*16 (14.2)13 (9.8)
    Age(n = 95)(n = 118)0.933
        Mean (SD), y48.4 (11.9)48.6 (11.7)
        Median4947
        Minimum2829
        Maximum7074
    Year in clinical practice(n = 88)(n = 116)0.510
        Mean (SD), y16.7 (11.8)17.8 (11.0)
        Median17.517
        Minimum<11
        Maximum4445
    Kansas county the physicians primarily practiced, no. (%)0.326
        Butler5 (4.4)7 (5.3)
        Saline6 (5.3)6 (4.5)
        Sedgwick39 (34.5)54 (40.6)
        All other counties45 (39.8)56 (42.1)
        Missing*18 (15.9)10 (7.5)
    • ↵* The number of participants who completed the survey but did not provide an answer to this specific question.

    • Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.

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    Table 2.

    Relationship of Patient Volume and Concerns About Some Patients Forgoing Care Compared With Participating Years (2020 and 2021)

    Participation Year
    Variable2020 N (%)2021 N (%)χ2P Valueφ
    Current patient volume54.11<0.0010.49
        More patients3 (2.3)35 (26.3)
        Fewer patients74 (65.5)26 (19.5)
        About the same number of patients35 (31)65 (48.9)
        Missing1 (0.9)7 (5.3)
        Total113 (100)133 (100)
    Concerned that some patients may forgo care?14.09<0.0010.25
        Yes94 (83.2)95 (71.4)
        No6 (5.3)31 (23.3)
        Missing13 (11.5)7 (5.3)
        Total113 (100)133 (100)
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    Table 3.

    Respondents' Burnout, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in 2021 Compared with 2020a

    Variables2020 (N = 113)2021 (N = 133)P Value
    Burnout indices
        Manifestations of burnout
            Burnout57 (50.4)92 (69.2)<0.01
        Emotional exhaustion
            Median44–
            Mean (SD)3.95 (1.69)3.24 (2.19)<0.01
            High score53 (46.9)75 (56.4)0.136
            Moderate score17 (15.0)39 (29.3)<0.01
            Low score31 (27.4)13 (9.8)<0.001
            Missing*12 (10.6)6 (4.5)NA
        Depersonalization
            Median41<0.001
            Mean (SD)3.25 (2.22)2.05 (2.25)<0.001
            High score33 (29.2)83 (62.4)<0.001
            Moderate score17 (15.0)22 (16.5)0.748
            Low score51 (45.1)22 (16.5)<0.001
            Missing*12 (10.6)6 (4.5)NA
        Depression
            Median11–
            Mean (SD)2.66 (4.13)3.06 (3.99)0.472
            Minimum00
            Maximum1820
            Missing*15 (13.3)12 (9.0)NA
        Anxiety
            Median00
            Mean (SD)1.06 (1.51)1.38 (2.51)0.274
            Minimum00
            Maximum717
            Missing*14 (12.4)11 (8.3)NA
        Stress
            Median66–
            Mean (SD)6.0 (5.44)7.0 (5.46)0.193
            Minimum00
            Maximum2121
            Missing*13 (11.5)10 (7.5)NA
    • Abbreviation: NA, not applicable; SD, standard deviation.

    • ↵a Data are presented as number (percentage) unless otherwise.

    • ↵* The number of participants who completed the survey but did not provide an answer to this specific question.

    • View popup
    Table 4.

    Open-Ended Comments Regarding Respondents' Activities Related to Wellness, Mindfulness, or Mental Well-being (Responses = 191)

    ThemePercentage of ResponsesQuotes from Participants
    Engage in regular physical activities/exercises29%“Lots of exercise.”
    “Continued Routine Exercising.”
    “I Have Continued to exercise: run, bike, lift weights and go the gym when it was safer.”
    Practice Meditation and yoga14%“Meditation Podcasts in the car on my way to work.”
    “Most Important is I have done different yoga classes and meditation.”
    “Meditation on Christian readings.”
    “Yoga and mindfulness activities.”
    Engage in religious activities12%“I Attend Mass Every Week and sometimes during the week. I frequent reconciliation as well.”
    “Going to Mass, Reading the Bible, and Prayer.”
    “Quiet Times Reading the Bible.”
    Engage Support from family and friends10%“I Seek Guidance from friends and family.”
    “Mostly Having Dedicated Time with other physicians experiencing similar things to me. It helps to have great friends.”
    “Increased Reaching out to colleagues and friends to share our trials and tribulations.”
    Take Time Away from work9%Taking Vacation intentionally - Even a ‘staycation.’"
    “Vacation and extra days off.”
    “Vacations as much as possible.”
    Engage in hobbies6%"Spending Time on activities I enjoy such as reading, avoiding social media.”
    “Spending More Time Cooking and hanging out with family.”
    “Creative Projects.”
    “Creative Arts/Crafts.”
    Attend Counseling Sessions4%“Weekly Therapy Sessions.”
    “Counseling.”
    Other Activities17%"Routine Medical Care, Usual Stress Relief Activities,"
    “Attend Zoom Seminar.”
    “Listening to wellness podcasts.”
    “Avoiding Social Media.”
    “Quit my Job.”
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The Journal of the American Board of Family     Medicine: 38 (1)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 38, Issue 1
January-February 2025
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Burnout, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Family Physicians in Kansas: 18 Months into the COVID-19 Pandemic
Samuel Ofei-Dodoo, Colleen Loo-Gross, Rick Kellerman
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Aug 2022, jabfm.2022.AP.220045; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2022.AP.220045

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Burnout, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Family Physicians in Kansas: 18 Months into the COVID-19 Pandemic
Samuel Ofei-Dodoo, Colleen Loo-Gross, Rick Kellerman
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Aug 2022, jabfm.2022.AP.220045; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2022.AP.220045
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