Skip to main content

Main menu

  • HOME
  • ARTICLES
    • Current Issue
    • Ahead of Print
    • Archives
    • Abstracts In Press
    • Special Issue Archive
    • Subject Collections
  • INFO FOR
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Call For Papers
    • Subscribers
    • Advertisers
  • SUBMIT
    • Manuscript
    • Peer Review
  • ABOUT
    • The JABFM
    • The Editing Fellowship
    • Editorial Board
    • Indexing
    • Editors' Blog
  • CLASSIFIEDS
  • Other Publications
    • abfm

User menu

Search

  • Advanced search
American Board of Family Medicine
  • Other Publications
    • abfm
American Board of Family Medicine

American Board of Family Medicine

Advanced Search

  • HOME
  • ARTICLES
    • Current Issue
    • Ahead of Print
    • Archives
    • Abstracts In Press
    • Special Issue Archive
    • Subject Collections
  • INFO FOR
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Call For Papers
    • Subscribers
    • Advertisers
  • SUBMIT
    • Manuscript
    • Peer Review
  • ABOUT
    • The JABFM
    • The Editing Fellowship
    • Editorial Board
    • Indexing
    • Editors' Blog
  • CLASSIFIEDS
  • JABFM on Bluesky
  • JABFM On Facebook
  • JABFM On Twitter
  • JABFM On YouTube
Research ArticleOriginal Research

Caregiving Responsibilities, Organizational Policy, and Burnout Among Primary Care Clinicians and Staff

Rachel Willard-Grace, Eric McNey, Beatrice Huang and Kevin Grumbach
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine September 2024, 37 (5) 847-856; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2024.240011R1
Rachel Willard-Grace
From the Center for Excellence in Primary Care, Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (RWG); UCSF Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (EM); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (BH); Center for Excellence in Primary Care, Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (KG).
MPH
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Eric McNey
From the Center for Excellence in Primary Care, Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (RWG); UCSF Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (EM); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (BH); Center for Excellence in Primary Care, Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (KG).
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Beatrice Huang
From the Center for Excellence in Primary Care, Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (RWG); UCSF Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (EM); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (BH); Center for Excellence in Primary Care, Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (KG).
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Kevin Grumbach
From the Center for Excellence in Primary Care, Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (RWG); UCSF Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (EM); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (BH); Center for Excellence in Primary Care, Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (KG).
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Tables
  • Figure 1.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    Figure 1.

    Mean exhaustion by hours of caregiving and perception of workplace support, for staff and clinicians (2021).

  • Figure 2.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    Figure 2.

    Change in exhaustion (February 2020–May 2021) by hours of caregiving, for clinicians and staff.

Tables

  • Figures
    • View popup
    Table 1.

    Characteristics of Respondents to 2021 Survey, by Gender*

    OverallManWomanP-value±
    Clinicians (n = 156)
    Number15644112
    Years in health system, % (No.)0.63
     Less than a year10.3% (16)11.4% (5)9.8% (11)
     1 to 2 years24.4% (38)25.0% (11)24.1% (27)
     3 to 5 years27.6% (43)20.5% (9)30.4% (34)
     6 to 10 years10.9% (17)9.1% (4)11.6% (13)
     11 years or more26.9% (42)34.1% (15)24.1% (27)
    Hours of caregiving, % (No.)0.25
     0 hours39.4% (61)50.0% (22)35.1% (39)
     1 to 5 hours20.7% (32)20.5% (9)20.7% (23)
     6 to 10 hours7.7% (12)6.8% (3)8.1% (9)
     11 to 20 hours7.1% (11)9.1% (4)6.3% (7)
     More than 20 hours25.2% (39)13.6% (6)29.7% (33)
    Rating of workplace support for caregiving outside of work  (1 to 10 scale), mean (SD)6.63 (2.40)7.20 (2.42)6.42 (2.37)0.08
    Emotional exhaustion (0 to 6 scale), mean (SD)3.32 (1.71)2.74 (1.63)3.54 (1.69)0.009
    Change in emotional exhaustion (2020 to 2021)b, mean (SD)0.42 (1.52)0.19 (1.38)0.51 (1.57)0.32
    Staff (n = 130)
    Number13020110
    Years in health system, % (no.)0.35
     Less than a year3.3% (5)10.0% (2)2.8% (3)
     1 to 2 years20.5% (31)30.0% (6)21.1% (23)
     3 to 5 years28.5% (43)20.0% (4)28.4% (31)
     6 to 10 years28.5% (43)30.0% (6)26.6% (29)
     11 years or more19.2% (29)10.0% (2)21.1% (23)
    Hours of caregiving, % (no.)0.11
     0 hours30.0% (39)30.0% (6)30.0% (33)
     1 to 5 hours20.0% (26)30.0% (6)18.2% (20)
     6 to 10 hours13.1% (17)5.0% (1)14.6% (16)
     11 to 20 hours8.5% (11)20.0% (4)6.4% (7)
     More than 20 hours28.5% (37)15.0% (3)30.9% (34)
    Rating of workplace support for caregiving outside of work  (1 to 10 scale), mean (SD)7.18 (2.65)7.55 (2.21)7.11 (2.72)0.50
    Emotional exhaustion (0 to 6 scale), mean (SD)2.98 (1.78)2.90 (1.74)3.00 (1.80)0.84
    Change in emotional exhaustion (2020 to 2021)‡ mean (SD)0.19 (1.66)−0.13 (0.83)0.24 (1.75)0.43
    • *Includes only individuals who marked “male” or female. No respondents selected other gender categories such as Transgender male, Transgender female, Genderqueer/non-binary, Other. Analyses excluded people who marked “prefer not to answer” (n = 24) or who left gender blank (n = 26).

    • ±Pearson χ2 or independent samples t test were used to examine differences by gender.

    • ‡Change in exhaustion was calculated as the exhaustion score in 2021 minus the exhaustion score in 2020. A total of 111 clinicians (31 male and 80 female) and 108 staff (15 male and 93 female) responded to the survey both years.

    • Abbreviation: SD, Standard deviation.

    • View popup
    Table 2.

    Multivariate Models of Gender, Caregiving Hours, and Work Support as Predictors of Emotional Exhaustion Scores among Clinicians and Staff in 2021*

    β95% CIP-value
    Clinicians (n = 150)
     Female gender (reference: male)0.640.20–1.070.007
     Caregiving hours (ref: 10 or fewer hours/wk)1.050.21–1.890.018
     Felt supported by workplace (per 1 unit)−0.18−0.33, −0.040.018
     Interaction (Hours x perceived support)−0.03−0.06–0.0040.076
     Intercept4.502.8–6.12<0.001
    Staff (n = 128)
     Female gender (reference: male)−0.07−1.52–1.380.92
     Caregiving hours (ref: 10 or fewer hours/wk)−0.11−0.61–0.380.63
     Felt supported by workplace (per 1 unit)−0.26−0.41, −0.120.002
     Intercept4.803.00–6.60<0.001
    • *Models controlled for years working at the clinic and clustered by site. F(5, 12) = 11.40, P < .001; R2 = 0.22). Staff model (Step 1: F[2, 12] = 0.01, P = .99; R2 < 0.001; Step 2: F[5, 12] = 4.85, P = .01; R2 = 0.15).

    • Abbreviation: CI, Class interval.

    • View popup
    Table 3.

    Multivariate Models of Gender, Caregiving Hours, and Work Support as Predictors of Change in Emotional Exhaustion Scores among Clinicians and Staff (2020–2021)

    β95% CIP-value
    Clinicians (n = 106)
     Female (reference: male)0.23−0.13–0.590.20
     Caregiving hours (ref: 10 or fewer hours/wk)0.760.27−1.260.006
     Felt supported by workplace (per 1 unit)−0.14−0.29−0.000.050
     Intercept2.850.51–5.200.021
    Staff (n = 106)
     Female (reference: male)0.24−0.62, −0.320.617
     Caregiving hours (ref: 10 or fewer hours/wk)−0.06−0.48–0.360.753
     Felt supported by workplace (per 1 unit)−0.17−0.26, −0.070.002
     Intercept2.821.27–4.360.002
    • *Models controlled for years working at the clinic and baseline values of emotional exhaustion, as well as clustering by site. Clinician model: F(5,11) = 120.92, P < .001; R2 = 0.348. Staff model: F (5,12) = 11.66, P < .001. R2 = 0.313.

    • Abbreviation: CI, Class interval.

PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

The Journal of the American Board of Family     Medicine: 37 (5)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 37, Issue 5
September-October 2024
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • Cover (PDF)
  • Index by author
  • Back Matter (PDF)
  • Front Matter (PDF)
Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Board of Family Medicine.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Caregiving Responsibilities, Organizational Policy, and Burnout Among Primary Care Clinicians and Staff
(Your Name) has sent you a message from American Board of Family Medicine
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the American Board of Family Medicine web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
12 + 1 =
Solve this simple math problem and enter the result. E.g. for 1+3, enter 4.
Citation Tools
Caregiving Responsibilities, Organizational Policy, and Burnout Among Primary Care Clinicians and Staff
Rachel Willard-Grace, Eric McNey, Beatrice Huang, Kevin Grumbach
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Sep 2024, 37 (5) 847-856; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2024.240011R1

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Caregiving Responsibilities, Organizational Policy, and Burnout Among Primary Care Clinicians and Staff
Rachel Willard-Grace, Eric McNey, Beatrice Huang, Kevin Grumbach
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Sep 2024, 37 (5) 847-856; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2024.240011R1
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Acknowledgments
    • Notes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • Clinically Relevant Family Medicine Research: Board Certification Updates
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Associations Between Modifiable Preconception Care Indicators and Pregnancy Outcomes
  • Perceptions and Preferences for Defining Biosimilar Products in Prescription Drug Promotion
  • Evaluating Pragmatism of Lung Cancer Screening Randomized Trials with the PRECIS-2 Tool
Show more Original Research

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • Burnout
  • Caregivers
  • Emotional Exhaustion
  • Linear Models
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Primary Health Care
  • Qualitative Research
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Workforce

Navigate

  • Home
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues

Authors & Reviewers

  • Info For Authors
  • Info For Reviewers
  • Submit A Manuscript/Review

Other Services

  • Get Email Alerts
  • Classifieds
  • Reprints and Permissions

Other Resources

  • Forms
  • Contact Us
  • ABFM News

© 2025 American Board of Family Medicine

Powered by HighWire