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Research ArticleClinical Review

GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2-Is to Lower Glucose and Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular and Diabetic Kidney Disease

Leigh Morrison, Jonathan Gabison and Lauren Oshman
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine May 2024, 37 (3) 372-382; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2023.230455R1
Leigh Morrison
From the Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan (LM, JG); Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan (LO).
MD, FAAFP
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Jonathan Gabison
From the Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan (LM, JG); Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan (LO).
MD, Dipl. ABOM
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Lauren Oshman
From the Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan (LM, JG); Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan (LO).
MD, MPH, FAAFP, Dipl. ABOM
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    Table 1.

    SGLT2-I, GLP1-RA, And GIP/GLP-1 RA Use in Practice for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

    Therapy and dose rangeeGFR Cut-off for initiation for glycemic benefitAdditional indications for adults with type 2 diabetesMedian average wholesale price
    SGLT2-Inhibitors
     Bexagliflozin (Brenzavvy), 20 mg  PO once daily30 mL/minn/a
     Canagliflozin (Invokana), 100 to  300 mg PO once daily30 mL/min
    • Established CVD: risk reduction of MACE

    • Diabetic nephropathy with albuminuria >300 mg/d: risk reduction of ESKD, serum creatinine doubling, CV death, and HHF

    $684
     Dapagliflozin (Farxiga), 5 to 10 mg  PO once daily45 mL/min
    • Established CVD or multiple CV risk factors: risk reduction of HHF

    • HFrEF: risk reduction of CV death and HHF

    $659
     Empagliflozin (Jardiance), 10 to  25 mg PO once daily30 mL/min
    • Established CVD: risk reduction CV death

    • HFrEF and HFpEF: risk reduction CV death and HHF

    $685
     Ertugliflozin (Steglatro), 5 to  15 mg PO once daily45 mL/min$390
    GLP-1 receptor agonists and GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists
     Dulaglutide (Trulicity), 0.75- 4.5 mg weekly injectionn/a
    • Established CVD or multiple CV risk factors: risk reduction MACE

    $1,064
     Exenatide (Byetta), 5 to 10 mcg  twice daily injection30 mL/min$961
     Exenatide XR (Bydureon  BCise),2 mg weekly injection30 mL/min$936
     Liraglutide (Victoza), 0.6-1.8 mg  weekly injectionn/a
    • Established CVD: risk reduction MACE

    $1,278
     Semaglutide (Ozempic), 0.25-2 mg  weekly injectionn/a
    • Established CVD: risk reduction MACE

    $1,070
     Semaglutide (Rybelsus), 7 to 14 mg  PO once dailyn/a$1,070
    GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists
     Tirzepatiden/a$1,169
    • Abbreviations: eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2); MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke); ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; HHF, hospitalization for heart failure; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; CKD, chronic kidney disease; HFpEF, Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

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The Journal of the American Board of Family   Medicine: 37 (3)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 37, Issue 3
May-June 2024
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GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2-Is to Lower Glucose and Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular and Diabetic Kidney Disease
Leigh Morrison, Jonathan Gabison, Lauren Oshman
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine May 2024, 37 (3) 372-382; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230455R1

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GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2-Is to Lower Glucose and Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular and Diabetic Kidney Disease
Leigh Morrison, Jonathan Gabison, Lauren Oshman
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine May 2024, 37 (3) 372-382; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230455R1
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Keywords

  • Cardiovascular Risk Factors
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  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists
  • Obesity
  • Pharmacology
  • Primary Health Care
  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors

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