Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
AAFP Adult ADHD Toolkit Content Overview: Sections and Sub-sections.
Tables
Age (Mean± SD) 35.4 ± 11.4 Age range, y n (%) <30 48 (49.5) 31 to 40 27 (27.8) 41 to 50 9 (9.3) 51 to 60 7 (7.3) 61 to 70 6 (6.2) Gender Male 47 (48.5) Female 48 (49.5) Prefer not to answer 2 (2.1) Race American Indian or Alaskan Native 0 Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 Asian 20 (20.6) Black or African American 9 (9.3) White 58 (59.8) Multiracial 0 Other 4 (4.1) Prefer not to answer 6 (6.2) Ethnicity Hispanic or Latinx 7 (7.2) Not Hispanic or Latinx 86 (88.7) Prefer not to answer 4 (4.1) SD, standard deviation.
Page Views of Section Webpages Downloads of Toolkit Resources Section n (%) Resource n (%) Toolkit Home Page 186 (47.2) Adult ADHD Assessment and Diagnosis Approach Algorithm 30 (19.0) ADHD Screeners & Quality of Life Assessments 23 (14.6) Section 2: Adult ADHD Assessment & Diagnosis 72 (18.3) Patient Handout: Managing Adult ADHD 14 (8.9) FDA Approved Stimulant Medications for Adult ADHD 11 (7.0) Physician Handout: Adult ADHD Treatment 11 (7.0) Section 3: Treatment and Management of ADHD in Adults 52 (13.2) Current Behavior Scale - Partner Report 11 (7.0) DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for ADHD 9 (5.7) Overview of Treatment Recommendations for Adult ADHD 9 (5.7) Section 1: About Adult ADHD 40 (10.2) Overview of Possible Causes for Presenting Symptoms Similar to ADHD 8 (5.1) Differential Diagnosis of ADHD in Adults 7 (4.4) Child Behavior Scale - Parent Report 6 (3.8) Section 4: Risk Reduction 15 (3.8) Symptoms of ADHD in Adults 4 (2.5) FDA Approved Non-Stimulant Medications for Adult ADHD 3 (1.9) Section 5: Adult ADHD in Specific Patient Groups 15 (3.8) National Resource Center on ADHD (CHADD): Diagnosis of ADHD in Adults* 3 (1.9) ADHD Risk Reduction Checklist 3 (1.9) Section 6: FAQ 13 (3.3) Adverse Effects of Selected Medications used in the Treatment of ADHD in Adults 3 (1.9) Physician Handout: Adult ADHD Overview 1 (0.6) Acknowledgments 1 (0.3) Interventions for Minimizing Drug Misuse based on Patient Risk 1 (0.6) Universal precautions to reduce stimulant misuse in treating adult ADHD* 1 (0.6) Total 394 Total 158 ↵* Non-AAFP, external document used with permission; Date Range: 11/1/2019 - 3/31/2020.
FDA, Food and Drug Administration; FAQ, Frequently Asked Questions.
- Table 3.
Logistic Regression Results of an Association of Residency Status, Number of Patients with Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Having Patients with ADHD on the Use of the AAFP Adult ADHD Toolkit.
Exp(B) Wald P value Residency status (resident vs non-resident) 0.56 1.06 .30 Number of adult patients with ADHD: 0 patients 1.08 0.006 .94 Number of adult patients with ADHD: 1 to 3 patients 0.49 0.59 .44 Number of adult patients with ADHD: 4 to 6 patients 5.54 1.35 .25 Saw patients with ADHD during the 17 weeks 49.53 21.87 <.001 Knowledge Users (Used Toolkit) Non-Users (Did Not Used Toolkit) F for Time F for Time * Use n Mean±SD n Mean±SD Nature of ADHD Baseline 42 3.1±0.8 26 2.9±0.5 24.67* 0.20 Midpoint 3.1±0.8 3.0±0.8 Final 3.6±0.7 3.5±0.7 Effects of ADHD on quality of life and risk associated with untreated ADHD Baseline 43 3.2±0.9 25 3.0±0.8 16.52* 0.92 Midpoint 3.2±0.9 3.2±0.7 Final 3.7±0.7 3.5±0.7 ADHD diagnostic process in adults Baseline 43 2.7±0.8 24 2.6±0.7 24.00* 1.13 Midpoint 3.0±0.9 2.8±0.6 Final 3.4±0.8 3.2±0.8 Management of ADHD in adults Baseline 43 2.9±0.8 23 2.8±0.9 10.73* 1.65 Midpoint 3.3±0.8 2.9±0.6 Final 3.5±0.8 3.2±0.8 Management of ADHD in young adults Baseline 42 3.1±0.8 25 3.0±0.7 20.20* 1.32 Midpoint 3.4±0.7 3.0±0.8 Final 3.7±0.7 3.4±0.8 Management of ADHD in women Baseline 43 3.0±0.8 25 2.9±0.6 15.02* 1.03 Midpoint 3.3±0.8 3.0±0.8 Final 3.6±0.7 3.4±0.8 Management of ADHD in patients with co-morbid conditions Baseline 42 2.7±0.7 26 2.8±0.7 7.98* 3.87* Midpoint 3.2±0.7 2.7±0.6 Final 3.4±0.7 2.9±0.7 Management of ADHD in older adults Baseline 43 2.5±0.6 26 2.4±0.8 24.60* 0.97 Midpoint 3.0±0.8 2.7±0.7 Final 3.2±0.6 3.0±0.7 Monitoring for treatment effects, side effects and outcomes Baseline 41 3.1±0.8 26 3.1±0.7 8.15* 5.08* Midpoint 3.6±0.8 3.0±0.7 Final 3.5±0.7 3.4±0.9 Patient safety with the use of stimulants in adults Baseline 43 3.1±0.7 26 2.9±0.9 12.46* 0.15 Midpoint 3.3±0.8 3.0±0.7 Final 3.6±0.7 3.4±0.8 Prevention of non-medical use of stimulants in adults Baseline 43 2.8±0.8 26 2.9±0.8 11.08* 2.49 Midpoint 3.1±0.7 2.8±0.9 Final 3.5±0.7 3.2±0.9 Understanding of potential for abuse of immediate-release stimulants Baseline 42 3.1±0.8 24 3.2±0.8 9.44* 2.03 Midpoint 3.4±0.9 3.1±0.8 Final 3.8±0.9 3.4±0.9 Federal prescribing requirements for stimulants as controlled substance Baseline 42 3.0±0.9 26 3.0±1.0 13.61* 1.54 Midpoint 3.5±0.9 3.2±0.9 Final 3.7±0.8 3.5±0.7 State prescribing requirements for stimulants as controlled substance Baseline 42 3.1±1.0 26 3.0±1.1 15.17* 0.67 Midpoint 3.4±0.9 3.1±0.9 Final 3.6±0.8 3.6±0.6 Existing resources for patients and clinicians about adult ADHD Baseline 42 2.5±0.8 26 2.6±0.8 28.09* 3.50* Midpoint 3.3±0.9 2.9±0.7 Final 3.4±0.9 3.3±0.8 Communication with patients about any aspect of ADHD including the nature of ADHD, the medication treatment options, the non-pharmacological treatment options, patient's role in ADHD management, locating support services, training options and self-education resources, etc. Baseline 43 3.0±0.8 25 2.7±2.5 20.41* 0.10 Midpoint 3.1±0.8 2.8±0.6 Final 3.6±0.8 3.3±0.8 Confidence Used Toolkit Did Not Used Toolkit F for Time F for Time * Use n Mean±SD n Mean±SD Diagnosing and treating ADHD in adults Baseline 45 2.6±0.9 26 2.4±0.9 25.99* 1.33 Midpoint 3.3±0.8 2.8±1.0 Final 3.3±1.0 3.2±0.7 Recognizing and screening for ADHD in adults Baseline 44 2.4±0.9 26 2.4±1.1 32.20* 1.76 Midpoint 3.2±0.9 2.8±0.9 Final 3.4±0.9 3.0±0.7 Making a diagnosis in patients who do not display classic childhood symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity Baseline 45 2.0±1.0 26 1.8±1.0 20.49* 0.58 Midpoint 2.8±1.0 2.4±1.0 Final 3.0±1.0 2.5±1.0 Full evaluation of ADHD symptoms and coexisting disorders Baseline 44 2.3±1.0 26 2.2±1.0 24.99* 2.07 Midpoint 3.0±1.0 2.5±0.9 Final 3.2±1.1 2.9±0.9 Use of rating scales as an initial screening step Baseline 43 2.6±1.0 26 2.4±1.2 11.96* 0.14 Midpoint 3.1±0.9 2.7±1.3 Final 3.3±1.1 3.0±1.0 Mental health interview techniques and life history interview Baseline 44 2.8±0.9 26 3.0±1.0 5.02* 4.22* Midpoint 3.3±1.0 3.2±1.0 Final 3.5±0.9 3.0±0.8 Choosing treatment options for uncomplicated ADHD in adults Baseline 44 2.8±1.0 26 2.7±1.2 22.21* 0.97 Midpoint 3.5±0.8 3.2±1.1 Final 3.6±1.0 3.2±0.8 Choosing treatment options for ADHD with co-morbid mental health disorders Baseline 44 2.5±0.9 26 2.2±0.9 11.28* 5.39* Midpoint 3.1±0.9 2.4±0.8 Final 3.2±1.0 2.3±0.8 Choosing treatment options for ADHD with co-existing substance use disorder Baseline 45 2.0±1.0 26 1.9±1.0 17.21* 3.79* Midpoint 2.8±1.1 2.1±0.9 Final 3.0±1.0 2.3±1.0 Follow up care practices Baseline 45 2.8±1.0 26 2.7±1.0 18.78* 1.91 Midpoint 3.5±0.9 3.0±1.0 Final 3.5±0.9 3.0±0.9 Providing patient education related to any aspect of ADHD in adults Baseline 45 2.6±1.0 26 2.4±1.0 28.61* 2.41 Midpoint 3.4±1.0 2.8±0.8 Final 3.6±0.9 3.0±0.9 Identifying and managing patients at risk for stimulant misuse, abuse and diversion Baseline 45 2.6±1.0 26 2.5±0.9 10.94* 0.98 Midpoint 3.3±0.9 2.8±1.0 Final 3.2±1.0 2.9±1.0 ADHD, Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder; SD, standard deviation.
↵* P value < 0.05.
- Table 5.
Needs Related to Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Reported by Study Participants.
Needs n (%) Better understanding for non-medication management options, effectiveness and side effects 42 (51.9) Better understanding diagnostic criteria and diagnostic process for adults 33 (40.7) Differentiating adult ADHD from co-morbid disorders 32 (39.5) How to appropriately screen for ADHD in adults 30 (37.0) Understanding the presentation in an adult patient 30 (37.0) Better understanding of treatment options for those with a history of substance abuse 30 (37.0) Better understanding of medication management options and effectiveness 30 (37.0) Prevention of stimulant abuse/misuse/ diversion 29 (35.8) More information about validated diagnostic and screening tools for adult ADHD 28 (34.6) More patient education resources on management of adult ADHD symptoms besides taking medication 27 (33.3) Tapering off medications 24 (29.6) Understanding health risks of long-term stimulant use in adults 24 (29.6) Understanding what resources are available in the local area for people who deal with ADHD 22 (27.2)
