Research ArticleFamily Medicine and the Health Care System

Changing Reasons for Visiting Primary Care Over a 35-Year Period

Wyatt P. Bensken, Weichuan Dong, Heidi Gullett, Rebecca S. Etz and Kurt C. Stange
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine March 2021, 34 (2) 442-448; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2021.02.200145

References

  1. 1.↵
    1. Guerin S
    . Managing rapid change in the health care environment. Manag Care 2013;22:44–6.
    OpenUrl
  2. 2.↵
    1. Loxterkamp D
    . A change will do you good. Ann Fam Med 2009;7:261–3.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  3. 3.↵
    1. DeVoe J
    . The unsustainable US health care system: a blueprint for change. Ann Fam Med 2008;6:263–6.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  4. 4.↵
    1. Freed GL,
    2. Nahra TA,
    3. Wheeler JR
    . Which physicians are providing health care to America's children? Trends and changes during the past 20 years. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2004;158:22–6.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  5. 5.↵
    1. Mostashari F,
    2. Sanghavi D,
    3. McClellan M
    . Health reform and physician-led accountable care: the paradox of primary care physician leadership. JAMA 2014;311:1855–6.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  6. 6.↵
    1. Rittenhouse DR,
    2. Shortell SM
    . The patient-centered medical home: will it stand the test of health reform? JAMA 2009;301:2038–40.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  7. 7.↵
    1. Lawrence RS,
    2. Mickalide AD,
    3. Kamerow DB,
    4. Woolf SH
    . Report of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA 1990;263:436–7.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  8. 8.↵
    1. Lawrence RS
    . Diffusion of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations into practice. J Gen Intern Med 1990;5:S99–S103 (Suppl).
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  9. 9.↵
    1. Coleman K,
    2. Austin BT,
    3. Brach C,
    4. Wagner EH
    . Evidence on the chronic care model in the new millennium. Health Aff (Millwood) 2009;28:75–85.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  10. 10.↵
    1. Glasgow RE,
    2. Orleans CT,
    3. Wagner EH
    . Does the chronic care model serve also as a template for improving prevention? Milbank Q 2001;79:579–612.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  11. 11.↵
    1. Wagner EH,
    2. Austin BT,
    3. Von Korff M
    . Organizing care for patients with chronic illness. Milbank Q 1996;74:511–44.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  12. 12.↵
    1. Bayliss EA,
    2. Bonds DE,
    3. Boyd CM,
    4. et al
    . Understanding the context of health for persons with multiple chronic conditions: moving from what is the matter to what matters. Ann Fam Med 2014;12:260–9.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  13. 13.↵
    1. Ward BW,
    2. Schiller JS
    . Prevalence of multiple chronic conditions among US adults: estimates from the National Health Interview Survey. Prev Chronic Dis 2013;10:E65.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  14. 14.↵
    1. Ashman JJ,
    2. Beresovsky V
    . Multiple chronic conditions among US adults who visited physician offices: data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2009. Prev Chronic Dis 2013;10:E64.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  15. 15.↵
    1. Fortin M,
    2. Bravo G,
    3. Hudon C,
    4. Vanasse A,
    5. Lapointe L
    . Prevalence of multimorbidity among adults seen in family practice. Ann Fam Med 2005;3:223–8.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  16. 16.↵
    1. Peabody MR,
    2. Neill TR,
    3. Stelter KL,
    4. Puffer JC
    . Frequency and criticality of diagnoses in family medicine practices: from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS). J Am Board Fam Med 2018;31:126–38.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  17. 17.↵
    1. Jackson GL,
    2. Powers BJ,
    3. Chatterjee R,
    4. et al
    . The patient-centered medical home: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med 2013;158:169–78.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  18. 18.↵
    1. Nutting PA,
    2. Crabtree BF,
    3. Miller WL,
    4. Stange KC,
    5. Stewart E,
    6. Jaén C
    . Transforming physician practices to patient-centered medical homes: lessons from the national demonstration project. Health Aff (Millwood) 2011;30:439–45.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  19. 19.↵
    1. Stange KC,
    2. Nutting PA,
    3. Miller WL,
    4. et al
    . Defining and measuring the patient-centered medical home. J Gen Intern Med 2010;25:601–12.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  20. 20.↵
    1. Rittenhouse DR,
    2. Shortell SM,
    3. Fisher ES
    . Primary care and accountable care—two essential elements of delivery-system reform. N Engl J Med 2009;361:2301–3.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  21. 21.↵
    1. Bodenheimer T,
    2. Ghorob A,
    3. Gupta R,
    4. Willard R,
    5. Wong J
    . The 10 building blocks of high-performing primary care. Ann Fam Med 2014;166–71.
  22. 22.↵
    1. Bodenheimer T,
    2. Pham HH
    . Primary care: current problems and proposed solutions. Health Aff (Millwood) 2010;29:799–805.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  23. 23.↵
    1. Rao A,
    2. Shi Z,
    3. Ray KN,
    4. Mehrotra A,
    5. Ganguli I
    . National trends in primary care visit use and practice capabilities, 2008–2015. Ann Fam Med 2019;17:538–44.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  24. 24.↵
    1. Tenney JB,
    2. White KL,
    3. Williamson JW
    . National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: Background and Methodology. Rockville, MD; 1974.
  25. 25.↵
    1. Bryant EE,
    2. Shimizu I
    . Sample design, sampling variance and estimation procedures for the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 1988.
  26. 26.↵
    National Center for Health Statistics. About the Ambulatory Health Care Surveys. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2019. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/ahcd/about_ahcd.htm. Accessed September 19, 2019.
  27. 27.↵
    National Center for Health Statistics. NAMCS scope and sample design. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2015. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/ahcd/ahcd_scope.htm. Accessed September 16, 2019.
  28. 28.↵
    National Center for Health Statistics. Survey content for the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. National Center for Health Statistics; 2012.
  29. 29.↵
    1. Schneider D,
    2. Appleton L,
    3. McLemore T
    . A reason for visit classification for ambulatory care. Vital Health Stat 2 1979;78:1–630.
    OpenUrl
  30. 30.↵
    1. Wagner EH
    . Organizing care for patients with chronic illness revisited. Milbank Quarterly. 2019;97:659–64.
    OpenUrl
  31. 31.↵
    1. Koroukian SM,
    2. Schiltz N,
    3. Warner DF,
    4. et al
    . Combinations of chronic conditions, functional limitations, and geriatric syndromes that predict health outcomes. J Gen Intern Med 2016;31:630–7.
    OpenUrl
  32. 32.↵
    1. Berwick DM
    . Reflections on the chronic care model—23 years later. Milbank Quarterly 2019. Available from: https://www.milbank.org/quarterly/articles/reflections-on-the-chronic-care-model-23-years-later/. Accessed September 11, 2019.
  33. 33.↵
    1. DeHaven MJ
    . Multimorbidity, chronic disease, and community health science. J Eval Clin Pract 2017;23:219–21.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  34. 34.↵
    1. Scott IA
    . Chronic disease management: a primer for physicians. Intern Med J 2008;38:427–37.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  35. 35.↵
    1. Krause DS
    . Economic effectiveness of disease management programs: a meta-analysis. Dis Manag 2005;8:114–34.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  36. 36.↵
    1. Ofman JJ,
    2. Badamgarav E,
    3. Henning JM,
    4. et al
    . Does disease management improve clinical and economic outcomes in patients with chronic diseases? A systematic review. Am J Med 2004;117:182–92.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  37. 37.↵
    Department of Health. Chronic disease management: a compendium. 2004. Available from: http://www.natpact.nhs.uk/uploads/Chronic%20Care%20Compendium.pdf. Accessed July 13, 2010.
  38. 38.↵
    1. Valderas JM,
    2. Starfield B,
    3. Forrest CB,
    4. Sibbald B,
    5. Roland M
    . Ambulatory care provided by office-based specialists in the United States. Ann Fam Med 2009;7:104–11.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  39. 39.↵
    1. Starfield B,
    2. Fryer GE Jr.
    . The primary care physician workforce: ethical and policy implications. Ann Fam Med 2007;5:486–91.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  40. 40.↵
    1. Starfield B,
    2. Lemke KW,
    3. Herbert R,
    4. Pavlovich WD,
    5. Anderson G
    . Comorbidity and the use of primary care and specialist care in the elderly. Ann Fam Med 2005;3:215–22.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  41. 41.↵
    1. Starfield B,
    2. Lemke KW,
    3. Bernhardt T,
    4. Foldes SS,
    5. Forrest CB,
    6. Weiner JP
    . Comorbidity: implications for the importance of primary care in “case” management. Ann Fam Med 2003;1:8–14.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  42. 42.↵
    1. Poitras ME,
    2. Maltais ME,
    3. Bestard-Denomme L,
    4. Stewart M,
    5. Fortin M
    . What are the effective elements in patient-centered and multimorbidity care? A scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2018;18:446.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  43. 43.↵
    1. Muhlestein D,
    2. Winfield L
    . Preparing a new generation of physicians for a new kind of health care. N Engl J Med Catalyst 2018.
  44. 44.↵
    1. Dalen JE,
    2. Ryan KJ,
    3. Alpert JS
    . Where have the generalists gone? They became specialists, then subspecialists. Am J Med 2017;130:766–8.
    OpenUrl
  45. 45.↵
    1. Bodenheimer T,
    2. Chen E,
    3. Bennett HD
    . Confronting the growing burden of chronic disease: can the U.S. health care workforce do the job? Health Aff (Millwood) 2009;28:64–74.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  46. 46.↵
    1. Gilchrist VJ,
    2. Stange KC,
    3. McCord G,
    4. Bourget CC,
    5. Flocke SA
    . A comparison of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) measurement approach with direct observation of outpatient visits. Med Care 2004;42:276–80.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  47. 47.↵
    1. Flocke SA,
    2. Frank SH,
    3. Wenger DA
    . Addressing multiple problems in the family medicine office visit. J Fam Pract 2001;50:211–6.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  48. 48.↵
    1. Stange KC,
    2. Zyzanski SJ,
    3. Jaen CR,
    4. et al
    . Illuminating the black box: a description of 4454 patient visits to 138 family doctors. J Fam Pract 1998;46:377–89.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  49. 49.↵
    1. Beasley JW,
    2. Hankey TH,
    3. Erickson R,
    4. et al
    . How many problems do family physicians manage at each encounter? A WReN study. Ann Fam Med 2004;2:405–10.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  50. 50.↵
    1. Bolen SD,
    2. Sage P,
    3. Perzynski AT,
    4. Stange KC
    . No moment wasted: the primary-care visit for adults with diabetes and low socio-economic status. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2016;17:18–32.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
Back to top

In this issue

Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Email Article
Citation Tools

Jump to section

Keywords