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Research ArticleOriginal Research

A Taxonomy for External Support for Practice Transformation

Leif I. Solberg, Anton Kuzel, Michael L. Parchman, Donna R. Shelley, W. Perry Dickinson, Theresa L. Walunas, Ann M. Nguyen, Lyle J. Fagnan, Samuel Cykert, Deborah J. Cohen, Bijal A. Balasubramanaian, Douglas Fernald, Leah Gordon, Abel Kho, Alex Krist, William Miller, Carolyn Berry, Daniel Duffy and Zsolt Nagykaldi
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine January 2021, 34 (1) 32-39; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2021.01.200225
Leif I. Solberg
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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Anton Kuzel
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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Michael L. Parchman
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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Donna R. Shelley
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
MD, MPH
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W. Perry Dickinson
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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Theresa L. Walunas
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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Ann M. Nguyen
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
PhD, MPH
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Lyle J. Fagnan
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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Samuel Cykert
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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Deborah J. Cohen
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
PhD
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Bijal A. Balasubramanaian
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
MBBS, PhD
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Douglas Fernald
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
MA
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Leah Gordon
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
MPH
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Abel Kho
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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Alex Krist
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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William Miller
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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Carolyn Berry
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
PhD
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Daniel Duffy
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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Zsolt Nagykaldi
From Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (LIS); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (AKu, AKr); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (MLP); School of Global Public Health, New York University (NYU), New York, NY (DRS); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (WPD, DF); Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (TLW, AKh); NYU Langone Health, New York NY, (AMN, CB); Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR (LRF, DJC, LG); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (SC); School of Public Health, UTHealth, Dallas, TX (BAB); Lehigh Valley Health Center, Easton, PA (WM); University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (DD, ZN).
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The Journal of the American Board of Family     Medicine: 34 (1)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 34, Issue 1
January/February 2021
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A Taxonomy for External Support for Practice Transformation
Leif I. Solberg, Anton Kuzel, Michael L. Parchman, Donna R. Shelley, W. Perry Dickinson, Theresa L. Walunas, Ann M. Nguyen, Lyle J. Fagnan, Samuel Cykert, Deborah J. Cohen, Bijal A. Balasubramanaian, Douglas Fernald, Leah Gordon, Abel Kho, Alex Krist, William Miller, Carolyn Berry, Daniel Duffy, Zsolt Nagykaldi
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jan 2021, 34 (1) 32-39; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2021.01.200225

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A Taxonomy for External Support for Practice Transformation
Leif I. Solberg, Anton Kuzel, Michael L. Parchman, Donna R. Shelley, W. Perry Dickinson, Theresa L. Walunas, Ann M. Nguyen, Lyle J. Fagnan, Samuel Cykert, Deborah J. Cohen, Bijal A. Balasubramanaian, Douglas Fernald, Leah Gordon, Abel Kho, Alex Krist, William Miller, Carolyn Berry, Daniel Duffy, Zsolt Nagykaldi
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jan 2021, 34 (1) 32-39; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2021.01.200225
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Keywords

  • Change Management
  • Delivery of Health Care
  • Diffusion of Innovation
  • Implementation Science
  • Organizational Innovation
  • Primary Health Care
  • Quality Improvement

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