Effect of Retail Clinic Use on Continuity of Care Among Medicare Beneficiaries

References

1. 1.↵
   1. Bohmer R

   . The rise of in-store clinics—Threat or opportunity? N Engl J Med 2007;356:765–658.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
2. 2.↵
   1. Charland T

   . Calm before the storm. Merchant medicine—The ConvUrgentCare Report: U.S. Walk-In Clinic Market Report 2018;11:1–5.

   OpenUrl
3. 3.↵
   1. Mehrotra A,
   2. Wang MC,
   3. Lave JR,
   4. et al

   . A comparison of patient visits to retail clinics. Primary care physicians, and emergency departments. Health Aff 2008;27:1272–1282.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
4. 4.↵
   1. Mehrotra A,
   2. Lave JR

   . Visits To retail clinics grew fourfold from 2007 to 2009 although their share of overall outpatient visits remains low. Health Aff 2012;31:2123–2129.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
5. 5.↵
   1. Ahme A,
   2. Fincham JE

   . Physician office vs retail clinic: Patient preferences in care seeking for minor illnesses. Ann Fam Med 2010;8:117–123.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
6. 6.↵
   National Conference of State Legislatures. Retail health clinics: State legislation and laws. Available from: www.ncsl.org/research/health/retail-health-clinics-state-legislation-and-laws.aspx. Accessed Mar 25, 2018.
7. 7.↵
   1. Ashwood JS,
   2. Reid RO,
   3. Setodji CM,
   4. et al

   . Trends in retail clinic use among the commercially insured. Am J Manag Care 2011;17:e443–e448.

   OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
8. 8.↵
   1. Frakt AB,
   2. Garthwaite C

   . The CVS-Aetna Merger: Another large best on the changing US health care landscape. Ann Intern Med 2018;168:511–512.

   OpenUrl
9. 9.↵
   Walmart in talks to strengthen ties to health insurer Humana. Available from: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/30/business/walmart-humana-merger.html Accessed March 31, 2018.
10. 10.↵
    1. Mehrotra A,
    2. Liu H,
    3. Adams JL,
    4. et al

    . Comparing costs and quality of care at retail clinics with that of other medical setting for 3 common illnesses. Ann Intern Med 2009;151:321–328.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
11. 11.↵
    1. Reid RO,
    2. Ashwood JS,
    3. Friedberg MW,
    4. et al

    . Retail clinic visits and receipt of primary care. J Gen Intern Med 2013;28:504–512.

    OpenUrlPubMed
12. 12.↵
    1. Hussey PS,
    2. Schneider EC,
    3. Rudin RS,
    4. et al

    . Continuity and the costs of care for chronic disease. JAMA Intern Med 2014;174:742–748.

    OpenUrl
13. 13.↵
    1. Goodman RA,
    2. Posner SF,
    3. Huang ES,
    4. et al

    . defining and measuring chronic conditions: Imperatives for research, policy, program, and practice. Prev Chronic Dis 2013;10:120239.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
14. 14.↵
    1. Shah BR,
    2. Hux JE,
    3. Laupacis A,
    4. et al

    . Administrative data algorithms can describe ambulatory physician utilization. Health Serv Res 2007;42:1783–1796.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
15. 15.↵
    1. Pollack CE,
    2. Hussey PS,
    3. Rudin RS,
    4. et al

    . Measuring care continuity: A comparison of claims-based methods. Med Care 2016;54:e30–e34.

    OpenUrlPubMed
16. 16.↵
    1. Parsons L

    . Reducing bias in a propensity score matched-pair sample using greedy matching techniques. SAS Users Group International Conference, Long Beach, CA, 2001.
17. 17.↵
    1. Austin PC

    . A Tutorial and case study in propensity score analysis: An application to estimating the effect of in-hospital smoking cessation counseling on mortality. Multivariate Behav Res 2011;46:119–151.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
18. 18.↵
    1. Rudavsky R,
    2. Mehrotra A

    . Sociodemographic characteristics of communities served by retail clinics. J Am Board Fam Med 2010;23:42–48.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
19. 19.↵
    1. Gulliford M,
    2. Cowie L,
    3. Morgan M

    . Relational and management continuity survey in patients with multiple long-term conditions. J Health Serv Res Policy 2011;16:67–74.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
20. 20.↵
    1. Rohrer JE,
    2. Angstman KB,
    3. Garrison GM,
    4. et al

    . Family medicine patients who use retail clinics have lower continuity of care. J Primary Care Comm Health 2013;4:150–153.

    OpenUrl
21. 21.↵
    1. Xue Y,
    2. Goodwin JS,
    3. Adhikari D,
    4. et al

    . Trends in primary care provision to medicare beneficiaries by physicians, nurse practitioners, or physician assistants: 2008–14. J Prim Care Community Health 2017;8:256–263.

    OpenUrl
22. 22.↵
    1. Pollack CE,
    2. Armstrong K

    . The geographic accessibility of retail clinics for underserved populations. Arch Intern Med 2009;169:945–949; discussion 950–953.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
23. 23.↵
    1. Ashwood JS,
    2. Gaynor M,
    3. Setodji CM,
    4. et al

    . Retail clinic visits for low-acuity conditions increase utilization and spending. Health Aff (Millwood) 2016;35:449–455.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
24. 24.↵
    1. Hill KM,
    2. Twiddy M,
    3. Hewison J,
    4. et al

    . Measuring patient-perceived continuity of care for patients with long-term conditions in primary care. BMC Fam Pract 2014;15:191.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
25. 25.↵
    1. Zitek T,
    2. Tanone I,
    3. Ramos A,
    4. et al

    . Most transfers from urgent care centers to emergency departments are discharged and many are unnecessary. J Emerg Med 2018;54:882–888.

    OpenUrl
26. 26.
    1. Creditor MC

    . Hazards of hospitalization of the elderly. Ann Intern Med 1993;118:219–223.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
27. 27.↵
    1. Kaissi A,
    2. Charland TA

    . How satisfied are hospital systems with their ownership of retail clinics? J Healthcare Manag 2013;58:143–153.

    OpenUrl
28. 28.↵
    1. Garrison GM,
    2. Keuseman R,
    3. Bania B,
    4. et al

    . Visit entropy associated with hospital readmission rates. J Am Board Fam Med 2017;30:63–70.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text