Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Patient weight change before and after WGs. The average total weight loss for a WG patient during the group (including first group and subsequent groups if they participated) was 20.1 pounds (168 patients, 3377 pounds). These 168 patients regained 1167 of the 3377 pounds between and after all their WGs. So, WG patients regained an average of 6.9 pounds (of the 20.1 pounds lost during the program).
Tables
WG Comparison Group Race Caucasian 75 62 Asian 5 5 African American 1 3 Education High school diploma or equivalent 2 6 Associate’s degree 10 6 Some college, no degree 4 10 Bachelor’s degree 26 16 Master’s degree 25 24 Doctoral or professional degree 16 8 Marital status Married 61 54 Divorced/separated 8 7 Single 10 11 Income Less than $25,000 2 3 $25,000 to $49,999 8 12 $50,000 to $74,999 9 8 $75,000 to $99,999 14 7 $100,000 to $149,999 16 18 $150,000 to $249,999 26 12 $250,000 -to $499,999 12 4 $500,000 or more 0 1 Kids at home (average) 0.58 0.87 WG, wellness group.
- Table 2.
Treatment Group Relative to Comparison Group Differences in Retrospective Self-Reported 3-Month Behavior Change, Ordinal Logistic Regression (Dependent Variable Likert Scale 1 to 5)
Survey Question Odds Ratio For Treatment Group Relative to Comparison Group (95% CI) P Value Read nutrition facts on food labels 13.8 (6.7 to 28.6) < .05 Eat more fruits and vegetables 7.2 (3.7 to 14.2) < .05 Feel “stuffed” less often 6.6 (3.4 to 13.0) < .05 Walk more steps daily 5.3 (2.8 to 10.2) < .05 Eat more whole grains 4.8 (2.5 to 9.0) < .05 Incorporate stress management 4.4 (2.3 to 8.4) < .05 Increase hours of sleep 4.2 (2.1 to 8.4) < .05 Eat less beef 4.2 (2.2 to 8.3) < .05 Eat less frequently in front of screens 2.7 (1.4 to 5.3) < .05 Eat more slowly 2.7 (1.4 to 5.1) < .05 Exercise more 2.6 (1.4 to 4.7) < .05 Eat more home-cooked meals 1.9 (1.1 to 3.5) < .05 Put effort into improving health before intervention 0.5 (0.3 to 0.9) < .05 CI, confidential interval.
- Table 3.
Demographics and Baseline Numbers of the Treatment and Comparison Groups Pertaining to Medical Chart Data
WG (n = 99) Comparison Group (n = 190) Male Female Male Female Age (years) 50.31 53.63 49.79 51.62 Sex N = 43 N = 56 N = 78 N = 112 BMI (kg/m2) 37.64 35.43 33.86 33.68 Weight (pounds) 229.70 212.05 SBP (mm Hg) 130.07 123.55 DBP (mm Hg) 79.84 78.51 A1c (%) 6.35 5.85 HDL (mg/dL) 51.17 55.03 LDL (mg/dL) 108.11 118.96 Total cholesterol (mg/dL) 190.54 201.68 Triglycerides (mg/dL) 173.95 154.59 BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; WG, wellness group; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
- Table 4.
Physiological Changes at Least 1 Year After Intervention Compared with the Day of the First Wellness Group (WG) Session (Treatment Group) or the Day of the Annual Physical (Comparison Group)
Variable (n) n Treatment (mean, [SD]) Comparison (mean [SD]) Raw Difference Between Groups (Treatment–Comparison) Difference Adjusting for Baseline BMI Weight change (pounds) 274 −13.21 (20.6) +1.94 (20.3) −15.15* −12.53* BMI (kg/m2) 268 −2.21 (3.2) +0.30 (3.3) −2.51* −1.88* Systolic BP (mm Hg) 277 −6.96 (14.5) −1.13(14.0) −5.83* −1.78 Diastolic BP (mm Hg) 277 −5.70 (10.0) −4.20 (11.0) −1.50 0.70 Hemoglobin A1c (%) 86 +0.18 (0.9) −0.01 (0.7) 0.16 0.13 HDL (mg/dL) 106 +2.81 (7.5) +0.63 (6.8) 2.18 2.12 LDL (mg/dL) 96 −0.42 (23.8) −5.00 (22.6) 4.58 2.58 Total cholesterol (mg/dL) 104 −3.23 (24.0) −8.54 (30.6) 5.31 2.45 Triglycerides (mg/dL) 88 −34.27 (70.9) −5.03 (72.5) −29.24 −25.85 ↵* P < .05, Independent samples t-test comparing change in treatment group to change in comparison group.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SD, Standard Deviation.
Sample Size (n) Mean Δ Weight (pounds) During Wellness Group Program (WG)* Mean Δ Weight (pounds) After Program Completed† Number of Patients Who Lost Clinically Relevant Weight‡ Patients Who Lost Significant Weight (%)‡ % of Patients Who Lost Significant Weight and Maintained ≥50% of Weight Loss§ All (WG) patients 168 −16.6 3.5 103 61% 73% All WG patients weighed ≥1 year after completing WG program 105 −18.4 4.3 70 67% 69% WG Patients weighed ≥1 year after completing WG program (only 1 program) 60 −16.1 7.0 35 58% 54% WG patients weighed ≥1 year after completing WG program (>1 program) 45 −21.6 0.6 35 78% 83% All WG patients weighed ≥3 years after completing WG program 50 −18.5 3.3 35 70% 71% ↵* Weight at last session of program minus weight at first session of program (first program if completed multiple programs).
↵† Most up-to-date weight on record minus weight at last session of program (first program if completed multiple programs).
↵‡ At least 5% of weight at start of first WG.
↵§ Based on most up-to-date weight and weight at last session of program (first program if completed multiple programs).
