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Research ArticleOriginal Research

The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) Framing Typology for Understanding the Structure, Function, and Outcomes of PCMHs

Autumn M. Kieber-Emmons and William L. Miller
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine July 2017, 30 (4) 472-479; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2017.04.170058
Autumn M. Kieber-Emmons
From the Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA; and the Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa.
MD, MPH
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William L. Miller
From the Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA; and the Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa.
MD, MA
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    Figure 1.

    Patient-centered medical home framing typology: types 1 to 4. EMR, electronic medical record.

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    Figure 2.

    Radar graphs showing 6 outcomes measures—cost reductions, decreased emergency department/hospital utilization, improved quality/disease metrics, improved access to care, increased preventive services, and improved patient satisfaction—based on type of patient-centered medical home.

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    Table 1.

    Practice Characteristics Extracted from Published Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) Data and How These Characteristics Overlay to Create the Four Types of PCMHs

    Practice Characteristics Extracted from DataClinic/Practice Typologies
    Add-on (Type 1)Renovated (Type 2)Hybrid (Type 3)Integrated (Type 4)
    1. Added care manager for specific disease1, 3; sometimes may see 6 or 8, specifically around 1 disease type being managed, (eg, DM care management)Must include some of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8Must include 1, plus some of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8May include 1 to 8
    Must include either 9 or 10
    2. Care managers for team
    3. Registry capabilities
    4. Scheduling updates
    5. EMR/electronic updates
    6. Care teams
    7. Doctor-task redesign
    8. Payer redesign
    9. Integrated mental health
    10. Community input/community resource network
    • DM, diabetes mellitus; EMR, electronic medical record.

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    Table 2.

    Outcomes Measures Extracted from the Published Patient-Centered Medical Home Data for Each Practice Site

    • Cost reductions
    • Decreased ED/hospital utilization
    • Improved health/quality
    • Improved access to care
    • Increased preventive services
    • Improved patient satisfaction
    • ED, emergency department.

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    Table 3.

    Outcome Measurements and Coding Algorithm

    Cost ReductionsDecreased ED/Hospital UtilizationImproved Quality
    • 0: Little, no, or negative reductions in cost• 0: No or worse utilization reduction• 0: No improvement noted
    • 1: Some improvement noted in cost reductions• 1: 1–10% utilization (ED or admits) reduction noted• 1: Some improved quality measures noted
    • 2: Major improvement in cost reductions noted (>$1 million or an ROI >2 or a PMPM or PMPY reduction >10% or a >10% reduction in total costs)• 2: >10% utilization reduction noted• 2: Health improved dramatically or all HEDIS measures improved by at least 10%
    Improved Access to CareIncreased Preventive ServicesImproved Patient Satisfaction
    • 0: No change noted• 0: No change noted• 0: No change noted
    • 1: The site described a significant change• 1: The site described any increase in preventive services• 1: The site described a significant improvement in patient satisfaction
    • 2: The site described a significant change and provided meaningful numbers or data showing improvement• 2: The site documented a >10% increase in preventive services• 2: The site described a documented >8% increase in patient satisfaction
    • ED, emergency department; PMPM, per-member, per-month; PMPY, per-member, per-year; ROI, return on investment.

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The Journal of the American Board of Family     Medicine: 30 (4)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 30, Issue 4
July-August 2017
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The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) Framing Typology for Understanding the Structure, Function, and Outcomes of PCMHs
Autumn M. Kieber-Emmons, William L. Miller
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jul 2017, 30 (4) 472-479; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2017.04.170058

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The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) Framing Typology for Understanding the Structure, Function, and Outcomes of PCMHs
Autumn M. Kieber-Emmons, William L. Miller
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jul 2017, 30 (4) 472-479; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2017.04.170058
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Keywords

  • Medical Home
  • Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
  • Patient Satisfaction
  • Patient-Centered Care
  • Primary Health Care
  • Process Assessment (Health Care)
  • Quality Improvement
  • Quality of Health Care

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