Clinician Staffing, Scheduling, and Engagement Strategies Among Primary Care Practices Delivering Integrated Care

Article Figures & Data

Table 1. Staffing, Scheduling, and Characteristics of Practices Integrating BHCs in Primary Care (n = 17)

Practice ID	Federal Designation(s)	Ownership	Geography	BHC Appt. Length^{^a}	BHC Appt. Scheduling^{^b}	PCC-to-BHC Pathway^{^c}	PCC FTE	Estimated BHC FTE	Ratio (PCC:BHC)
3	Government	Private	Urban	Brief	Flexible	Warm handoff	48.2	17.4	2.8:1
2	FQHC/CMHC	Private, not for profit	Suburban	Brief	Flexible	Warm handoff	6.5	3.2	2.0:1
4	FQHC	Private, not for profit	Suburban	Mixed	Flexible	Warm handoff	11.0	2.0	5.5:1
16	FQHC	Hospital System	Suburban	Brief	Flexible	Both	9.0	1.4	6.4:1
5	None	Hospital System	Urban	Brief	Flexible	Warm handoff	5.8	1.6	3.6:1
1	FQHC/CMHC	Private, not for profit	Urban	Long	Prescheduled	Referral	22.5	1.0	22.5:1
7	None	Clinician	Suburban	Long	Prescheduled	Referral	10.0	0.5	20.0:1
14	None	Hospital System	Suburban	Mixed	Prescheduled	Referral	21.9	0.6	36.5:1
6	FQHC	Private, not for profit	Suburban	Long	Prescheduled	Referral	1.2	3.8	0.3:1
12	FQHC	Hospital System	Suburban	Long	Prescheduled	Referral	3.2	0.9	3.5:1
11	None	Hospital System	Rural	Long	Prescheduled	Referral	5.0	1.0	5.0:1
9	None	Clinician	Rural	Mixed	Prescheduled	Referral	2.0	0.5	4.0:1
17	FQHC	Private, not for profit	Rural	Long	Prescheduled	Referral	6.0	2.0	3.0:1
8	FQHC	Private, not for profit	Urban	Mixed	Prescheduled	Referral	9.9	2.9	3.4:1
15	Government	Government	Urban	Mixed	Mixed	Warm handoff	70.0	5.6	12.5:1
13	None	Clinician	Urban	Mixed	Mixed	Warm handoff	13.6	1.0	13.6:1
10	None	Clinician	Suburban	Mixed	Mixed	Referral	4.8	0.5	9.6:1

Abbreviations: BHC, behavioral health clinician; CMHC, Community Mental Health Center; FQHC, Federally Qualified Health Center; FTE, full-time equivalent; PCC, primary care clinician.
Practices are grouped by staffing, scheduling, and approach to integrated care. Numbering corresponds with other articles in this supplement.²³
BHC is defined as the behavioral health clinicians who worked directly or most closely with the PCC. It does not include traditional mental health therapists working in a practice in the same building yet operating separately from primary care.
↵a BHCs generally saw patients for brief (15-to-30-min) or long (50-min) encounters.
↵b BHC appointments could be prescheduled back to back across the day or open and flexible to accommodate emerging patient needs.
↵c The approach used to transition patients between the PCC and the BHC. All practices used a referral pathway to access traditional mental health services.