Article Figures & Data
Tables
Non-PCIP (n = 15,608) PCIP (n = 4,477) PCIP and Non-PCIP (Excluded)* (n = 10,652) Member demographics† Mean age (years), mean (SD) 50.29 (10.95) 49.20 (10.99) 50.46 (10.52) Male sex, % 82.70 90.02 71.48 Diabetes (any diagnosis), % 23.86 19.32 24.44 Hypertension (any diagnosis), % 58.07 47.26 57.97 Diabetes and hypertension (any diagnosis), % 20.03 15.66 20.59 Member prescription patterns Diabetes-related prescriptions n = 1,661 n = 451 n = 1,149 Medications‡ 1.72 1.73 1.74 Prescriptions filled§ 5.98 6.38 6.20 Hypertension-related prescriptions n = 5,460 n = 1,439 n = 3,519 Medications†‡ 1.29 1.34 1.32 Prescriptions filled§ 5.89 6.23 5.85 Lipid-controlling prescriptions n = 3,922 n = 916 n = 2,453 Medications‡ 1.17 1.16 1.18 Prescriptions filled†§ 3.27 3.34 3.14 ↵* Union members who had outpatient primary care visits with both Primary Care Information Project (PCIP) and non-PCIP providers were excluded from the analyses.
↵† P value < .05.
↵‡ Medications refers to the total number of unique medications (unique therapeutic drug classes) for which a member has filled prescriptions.
↵§ Prescriptions filled refers to the total number of prescription claims that were filled by the member.
SD, standard deviation.
- Table 2. Proportion of Medication-Adherent Union Members, from Baseline to the End of the Study, by Primary Care Provider Participation in the Primary Care Information Project
Medication Type Patients (n) Baseline Adherent Members at the End of the Study (%)* Change (End of Study − Baseline)† MPR (%) Adherent Members (%)* Diabetes (only) Diabetes-specific‡ Non-PCIP 205 79.01 26.07 27.94 +1.87 PCIP 63 69.70 18.52 31.76 +13.24 Lipid-controlling§ Non-PCIP 129 76.67 16.63 13.24 −3.39 PCIP 40 65.32 11.11 16.47 +5.36 Hypertension (only) Hypertension-specific† Non-PCIP 2652 79.37 33.75 37.88 +4.13 PCIP 735 77.61 32.89 37.25 +4.36 Lipid-controlling§ Non-PCIP 1198 77.63 14.59 17.05 +2.46 PCIP 295 76.47 12.62 13.51 +0.89 Comorbid diabetes and hypertension Diabetes-specific‡ Non-PCIP 1322 79.67 37.37 37.87 +0.50 PCIP 357 76.63 36.04 37.10 +1.06 Hypertension-specific‖ Non-PCIP 1533 79.52 44.44 47.76 +3.32 PCIP 390 77.39 40.57 41.94 +1.37 Lipid-controlling§ Non-PCIP 1045 78.55 29.25 31.29 +2.04 PCIP 250 75.46 24.34 28.23 +3.89 ↵* The proportion of members with a medication possession ratio (MPR) ≥80%.
↵† Change in the proportion of members with an MPR ≥80% from baseline (2008) to the end of the study (2011).
↵‡ Diabetes therapeutic drug classes include biguanides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, insulins, and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors.
↵§ Lipid-controlling therapeutic drug classes include HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and fibric acid derivatives.
↵‖ Hypertension therapeutic drug classes include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, β-adrenergic blocking agents, calcium channel blocking agents (dihydropyridines), phosphodiesterase inhibitors, thiazide diruetics.
PCIP, Primary Care Information Project.
- Table 3. Logistic Regression Models Adjusting for Age, Sex, and Primary Care Provider Participation in the Primary Care Information Project
All PCMH Pilot Practices Removed OR* 95% CI OR* 95% CI Diabetes (only) Diabetes-specific medications† Non-PCIP 1.14 0.81–1.60 1.12 0.79–1.58 PCIP 2.03‡ 1.08–3.83 1.76 0.96–3.24 Lipid-controlling medications§ Non-PCIP 0.85 0.55–1.32 0.83 0.53–1.29 PCIP 1.64 0.73–3.65 1.59 0.73–3.44 Hypertension (only) Hypertension-specific medications‖ Non-PCIP 1.26‡ 1.15–1.38 1.26‡ 1.15–1.38 PCIP 1.24‡ 1.03–1.49 1.24‡ 1.03–1.48 Lipid-controlling medications§ Non-PCIP 1.28‡ 1.13–1.44 1.28‡ 1.13–1.49 PCIP 1.11 0.86–1.44 1.16 0.90–1.50 Comorbid diabetes and hypertension Diabetes-specific medications† Non-PCIP 1.03 0.90–1.18 1.05 0.92–1.21 PCIP 1.06 0.81–1.40 1.14 0.88–1.49 Hypertension-specific medications‖ Non-PCIP 1.19‡ 1.04–1.36 1.19‡ 1.04–1.36 PCIP 1.10 0.84–1.44 1.10 0.85–1.43 Lipid-controlling medications§ Non-PCIP 1.14 0.99–1.32 1.16 1.00–1.33 PCIP 1.26 0.93–1.72 1.25 0.94–1.68 ↵* Odd ratios (OR) shown for changes in the odds of the proportion of members who are adherent (i.e., medication possession ratio ≥80%) from baseline to the end of the study.
↵† Diabetes therapeutic drug classes include biguanides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, insulins, dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors.
↵‡ P values <.05.
↵§ Lipid-controlling therapeutic drug classes include HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and fibric acid derivatives.
↵‖ Hypertension therapeutic drug classes include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, beta-adrenergic blocking agents, calcium channel blocking agents (dihydropyridines), phosphodiesterase inhibitors, thiazide diruetics.
CI, confidence interval; PCMH, patient-centered medical home; OR, odds ratio; PCIP, Primary Care Information Project.
