Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1. International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification, Diagnosis Codes for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease–Related Avoidable Hospitalization from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Prevention Quality Indicators 05
4660* 490* 4910 4911 49120 49121 4918 4919 4920 4928 494 4940 4941 496 ↵* Must be accompanied by a secondary diagnosis code of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Variable Subjects, n (%) COCI Score, mean (SD) COCI Groups by Score, n (%) P Value Low (<0.44) Medium (0.44–1) High (1) All subjects 3015 (100) 0.65 (0.32) 1011 (33.5) 956 (31.7) 1048 (34.8) Sex <.001* Female 1062 (35.2) 0.69 (0.32) 316 (29.8) 304 (28.8) 442 (41.6) Male 1683 (64.8) 0.63 (0.32) 695 (35.6) 652 (33.4) 606 (31.0) Age (years) <.001* <65 964 (32.0) 0.69 (0.32) 280 (29.0) 276 (28.6) 408 (42.3) 65–69 421 (14.0) 0.65 (0.32) 135 (32.1) 138 (32.8) 148 (35.2) 70–74 485 (16.1) 0.64 (0.32) 164 (33.8) 156 (32.2) 165 (34.0) 75–79 546 (18.1) 0.61 (0.31) 200 (36.6) 187 (34.2) 159 (29.1) 80–84 363 (12.0) 0.62 (0.31) 139 (38.3) 119 (32.8) 105 (28.9) ≥85 236 (7.8) 0.60 (0.30) 93 (39.4) 80 (33.9) 63 (26.7) Low-income status .047* No 2919 (96.8) 0.65 (0.32) 973 (33.3) 920 (31.5) 1026 (35.1) Yes 96 (3.2) 0.58 (0.31) 38 (39.6) 36 (37.5) 22 (22.9) CCI score .095* 0 2331 (77.3) 0.65 (0.32) 793 (34.0) 711 (30.5) 827 (35.5) 1–2 494 (16.4) 0.66 (0.31) 155 (31.4) 174 (35.2) 165 (33.4) ≥3 190 (6.3) 0.63 (0.30) 63 (33.2) 71 (37.4) 56 (29.5) Avoidable hospitalization .001* Yes 95 (3.2) 0.55 (0.29) 45 (47.4) 34 (35.8) 16 (16.8) No 2920 (96.8) 0.65 (0.32) 966 (33.1) 922 (31.6) 1032 (35.3) ED visits† 0.22 (0.81)§ 0.31 (0.94) 0.27 (0.94) 0.10 (0.46) <.001‡ ↵* χ2 Test for the differences among the 3 Continuity of Care Index (COCI) groups.
↵† Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease–related emergency department (ED) visits in the continuity of care period.
↵‡ One-way analysis of variance test for the difference in mean by COCI groups.
CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; SD, standard deviation.
- Table 3. Factors Associated With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease–Related Avoidable Hospital Admissions Using Logistic Regression Models*
Variables Crude OR (95% CI) P Value Adjusted OR (95% CI) P Value COCI High (1) Reference Reference Medium (0.44–1) 2.38 (1.30–4.34) .005 1.81 (0.97–3.36) .061 Low (<0.44) 3.01 (1.69–5.35) <.001 2.29 (1.26–4.15) .007 Sex Female Reference Reference Male 1.84 (1.13–2.97) .014 1.52 (0.92–2.51) .100 Age (years) <65 Reference Reference 65–69 0.63 (0.23–1.71) .367 0.64 (0.23–1.76) .388 70–74 2.50 (1.33–4.70) .005 2.25 (1.16–4.34) .016 75–79 1.79 (0.92–3.47) .084 1.57 (0.79–3.13) .202 80–84 3.06 (1.60–5.86) .001 2.23 (1.13–4.41) .021 ≥85 2.82 (1.34–5.93) .006 2.19 (1.00–4.78) .050 Low-income status No Reference Reference Yes 2.53 (1.14–5.62) .023 2.05 (0.88–4.79) .096 CCI score 0 Reference Reference 1–2 2.96 (1.90–4.61) <.001 2.54 (1.60–4.05) <.001 ≥3 1.58 (0.71–3.53) .261 1.37 (0.60–3.09) .453 ED visits 1.59 (1.40–1.80) <.001 1.47 (1.30–1.66) <.001 ↵* Logistic regression was adjusted for sex, age, low-income status, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and COPD-related emergency department (ED) visits in the continuity of care period. The dependent variable was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease–related avoidable hospital admission.
CI, confidence interval; COCI, Continuity of care index; OR, odds ratio.
