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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Gastric Bypass May Promote Weight Loss in Overweight Partners

Floor Aarts, Nalini N. E. Radhakishun, Mariska van Vliet, Rinie Geenen, Ines A. von Rosenstiel, Chris Hinnen, Jos H. Beijnen, Dees P. M. Brandjes, Michaela Diamant and Victor E. A. Gerdes
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine January 2015, 28 (1) 90-96; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2015.01.140103
Floor Aarts
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (FA, MvV, DPMB, VEAG), Pediatrics (NNER, IAvR), Medical Psychology/Hospital Psychiatry (CH), and Pharmacy & Pharmacology (JHB), Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (RG); the Health Psychology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (CH); the Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (DPMB, VEAG); and the Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MD).
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Nalini N. E. Radhakishun
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (FA, MvV, DPMB, VEAG), Pediatrics (NNER, IAvR), Medical Psychology/Hospital Psychiatry (CH), and Pharmacy & Pharmacology (JHB), Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (RG); the Health Psychology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (CH); the Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (DPMB, VEAG); and the Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MD).
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Mariska van Vliet
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (FA, MvV, DPMB, VEAG), Pediatrics (NNER, IAvR), Medical Psychology/Hospital Psychiatry (CH), and Pharmacy & Pharmacology (JHB), Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (RG); the Health Psychology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (CH); the Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (DPMB, VEAG); and the Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MD).
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Rinie Geenen
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (FA, MvV, DPMB, VEAG), Pediatrics (NNER, IAvR), Medical Psychology/Hospital Psychiatry (CH), and Pharmacy & Pharmacology (JHB), Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (RG); the Health Psychology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (CH); the Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (DPMB, VEAG); and the Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MD).
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Ines A. von Rosenstiel
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (FA, MvV, DPMB, VEAG), Pediatrics (NNER, IAvR), Medical Psychology/Hospital Psychiatry (CH), and Pharmacy & Pharmacology (JHB), Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (RG); the Health Psychology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (CH); the Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (DPMB, VEAG); and the Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MD).
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Chris Hinnen
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (FA, MvV, DPMB, VEAG), Pediatrics (NNER, IAvR), Medical Psychology/Hospital Psychiatry (CH), and Pharmacy & Pharmacology (JHB), Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (RG); the Health Psychology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (CH); the Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (DPMB, VEAG); and the Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MD).
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Jos H. Beijnen
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (FA, MvV, DPMB, VEAG), Pediatrics (NNER, IAvR), Medical Psychology/Hospital Psychiatry (CH), and Pharmacy & Pharmacology (JHB), Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (RG); the Health Psychology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (CH); the Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (DPMB, VEAG); and the Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MD).
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Dees P. M. Brandjes
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (FA, MvV, DPMB, VEAG), Pediatrics (NNER, IAvR), Medical Psychology/Hospital Psychiatry (CH), and Pharmacy & Pharmacology (JHB), Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (RG); the Health Psychology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (CH); the Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (DPMB, VEAG); and the Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MD).
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Michaela Diamant
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (FA, MvV, DPMB, VEAG), Pediatrics (NNER, IAvR), Medical Psychology/Hospital Psychiatry (CH), and Pharmacy & Pharmacology (JHB), Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (RG); the Health Psychology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (CH); the Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (DPMB, VEAG); and the Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MD).
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Victor E. A. Gerdes
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (FA, MvV, DPMB, VEAG), Pediatrics (NNER, IAvR), Medical Psychology/Hospital Psychiatry (CH), and Pharmacy & Pharmacology (JHB), Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (RG); the Health Psychology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (CH); the Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (DPMB, VEAG); and the Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MD).
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Article Figures & Data

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    Figure 1.

    Gastric Bypass and Weight Loss in Partners study flowchart. Missing indicates that there are missing data for families at that specific time point; excluded indicates the number of families excluded from the study. n, number of families.

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    Figure 2.

    The course of weight change across the measurements.

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    Table 1. Baseline Characteristics Stratified by Family Member
    Patients (n = 88)Partners (n = 83)Children ≥18 Years Old (n = 26)Children 12 to 17 Years Old (n = 21)
    Male sex, n (%)16 (18.2)67 (80.7)12 (46.2)10 (47.6)
    Age (years)47.3 ± 8.449.3 ± 9.422.6 ± 4.215.1 ± 1.4
    Height (m)1.71 ± 0.081.78 ± 0.091.78 ± 0.131.69 ± 0.06
    Weight (kg)127.9 ± 20.290.6 ± 18.882.9 ± 20.961.3 ± 11.9
    BMI (kg/m2)43.7 ± 5.928.4 ± 5.425.9 ± 4.8—
    BMI z score———0.84 ± 0.96
    Emotional eating—1.6 ± 0.592.0 ± 0.871.8 ± 0.62
    External eating—2.7 ± 0.472.7 ± 0.562.6 ± 0.56
    Restrained eating—2.5 ± 0.912.4 ± 1.12.1 ± 0.79
    Overweight, n (%)0 (0)40 (48.2)9 (34.6)1 (4.8)
    Obese, n (%)88 (100)24 (28.9)5 (19.2)1 (4.8)
    • Data are mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise indicated.

    • Body mass index (BMI): overweight adults, 25 kg/m2 ≥ BMI < 30 kg/m2; overweight children 2.1 > BMI z score < 2.30; obese adults, BMI ≥30 kg/m2; obese children: BMI z score >2.3, corresponding to ≥95th percentile for age and sex.

    • View popup
    Table 2. Changes Over Time for Family Members of Patients Who Underwent Gastric Bypass Surgery
    Family MembersBaseline3 Months6 Months1 YearP Value (Over Time)
    Partners
        Body weight (kg)90.58 (18.78)88.72 (18.51)*90.21 (16.3)*88.87 (16.69)*<.01
        BMI (kg/m2)28.49 (5.40)27.68 (5.40)*28.03 (4.86)*28.00 (5.72)*<.01
        Eating behavior†
            Emotional eating1.64 (0.59)1.61 (0.67)1.60 (0.56)1.69 (0.67).623
            External eating2.68 (0.47)2.59 (0.48)2.56 (0.54)2.61 (0.54).410
            Restrained eating2.50 (0.91)2.64 (0.95)2.55 (0.82)2.62 (0.85).244
    Children ≥18 years old
        Body weight (kg)82.88 (20.87)83.65 (19.23)86.56 (19.62)80.90 (16.42).206
        BMI (kg/m2)25.86 (4.79)25.10 (4.33)25.98 (5.39)24.99 (3.67).176
        Eating behavior†
            Emotional eating2.02 (0.87)2.18 (0.95)1.79 (0.69)2.14 (0.87).492
            External eating2.72 (0.55)2.79 (0.68)2.76 (0.49)2.87 (0.56).765
            Restrained eating2.41 (1.05)2.64 (1.06)2.30 (1.11)2.44 (1.11).115
    Children 12–17 years old
        Body weight (kg)61.31 (11.95)60.10 (11.36)62.74 (13.86)64.45 (13.77)<.05
        BMI z score‡ (kg/m2)0.84 (0.96)0.57 (0.87)0.51 (1.32)0.60 (1.23).191
        Eating behavior†
            Emotional eating1.81 (0.62)1.62 (0.25)1.86 (0.89)1.48 (0.39).225
            External eating2.57 (0.56)2.57 (0.55)2.79 (0.46)2.64 (0.42).765
            Restrained eating1.95 (0.79)1.80 (0.75)1.88 (0.92)1.84 (0.69.802
    • Data are mean (standard deviation).

    • ↵* P < .05 compared with baseline value.

    • ↵† Eating behavior was assessed using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire.

    • ↵‡ Body mass index (BMI) z score is the standard deviation score of BMI according to Dutch reference values.

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The Journal of the American Board of Family     Medicine: 28 (1)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 28, Issue 1
January-February 2015
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Gastric Bypass May Promote Weight Loss in Overweight Partners
Floor Aarts, Nalini N. E. Radhakishun, Mariska van Vliet, Rinie Geenen, Ines A. von Rosenstiel, Chris Hinnen, Jos H. Beijnen, Dees P. M. Brandjes, Michaela Diamant, Victor E. A. Gerdes
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jan 2015, 28 (1) 90-96; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2015.01.140103

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Gastric Bypass May Promote Weight Loss in Overweight Partners
Floor Aarts, Nalini N. E. Radhakishun, Mariska van Vliet, Rinie Geenen, Ines A. von Rosenstiel, Chris Hinnen, Jos H. Beijnen, Dees P. M. Brandjes, Michaela Diamant, Victor E. A. Gerdes
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jan 2015, 28 (1) 90-96; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2015.01.140103
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