Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Study sample.
Tables
- Table 1. Characteristics of Visits by Women of Reproductive Age in the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2009 to 2010
Total Records (n = 6787) Visit Records With Any CVRF* (n = 2175; 30.8%) Without Chronic Disease (n = 4612; 69.2%) P Value With Any Family Planning† (n = 1017; 17.2%) Without Family Planning† (n = 4942; 82.8%) P Value Age <.001 <.001 Adolescent, 14–17 years old (n = 726) 11.5 (0.6) 5.2 (0.7) 14.2 (0.7) 9.5 (1.1) 11.9 (0.6) Adult, 18–34 years old (n = 3593) 50.7 (1.0) 46.4 (1.7) 52.6 (1.1) 66.8 (2.0) 47.4 (1.1) Advanced maternal age, 35–44 years old (n = 2468) 37.8 (1.0) 48.4 (1.6) 33.1 (1.1) 23.7 (1.8) 40.7 (1.1) Race/ethnicity <.001 .358 Non-Hispanic white (n = 4336) 67.5 (1.6) 65.4 (2.2) 68.5 (1.7) 63.1 (3.9) 68.5 (1.5) Non-Hispanic black (n = 1036) 14.5 (1.2) 19.9 (2.0) 12.0 (1.1) 16.2 (2.1) 14.1 (1.3) Hispanic (n = 1020) 13.2 (1.4) 11.7 (1.4) 13.8 (1.6) 16.3 (4.2) 12.5 (1.2) Non-Hispanic other (n = 395) 4.8 (0.6) 3.0 (0.5) 5.6 (0.7) 4.4 (1.2) 4.9 (0.6) Insurance <.001 .028 Private (n = 4357) 73.0 (1.6) 67.6 (2.1) 75.4 (1.7) 72.6 (4.4) 73.1 (1.6) Medicaid (n = 1170) 14.8 (1.2) 18.8 (1.7) 13.0 (1.3) 20.4 (4.4) 13.7 (1.0) Self-pay (n = 609) 8.0 (1.0) 8.1 (1.3) 7.9 (1.1) 4.7 (1.2) 8.6 (2.0) Other (n = 397) 4.2 (0.6) 5.5 (1.2) 3.7 (0.5) 2.3 (0.8) 4.6 (0.7) Provider of patient visit <.001 .835 PCP (n = 2378) 38.9 (2.0) 45.5 (2.2) 35.9 (2.2) 39.5 (4.2) 38.7 (1.9) Other MD (n = 3888) 61.1 (2.0) 54.5 (2.2) 64.1 (2.2) 60.5 (4.2) 61.3 (1.9) Patient relationship with practice at time of visit .905 .087 Established patient (n = 5243) 78.2 (1.0) 78.0 (1.5) 78.2 (1.2) 81.2 (2.0) 77.5 (1.1) New patient (n = 1544) 21.8 (1.0) 22.0 (1.5) 21.8 (1.2) 18.8 (2.0) 22.5 (1.1) Provider specialty <.001 <.001 Primary Care Specialties (n = 2745) 43.3 (1.7) 50.6 (2.2) 40.0 (1.9) 34.3 (4.2) 45.1 (1.8) Obstetrics and gynecology (n = 1541) 23.9 (1.4) 22.1 (1.6) 24.6 (1.6) 56.2 (4.2) 17.1 (1.2) Other (n = 2501) 32.9 (1.6) 27.3 (1.9) 35.4 (1.8) 9.5 (1.4) 37.8 (1.7) Major reason for visit .258 <.001 Preventive care (n = 1589) 23.1 (1.2) 21.9 (1.4) 23.6 (1.3) 50.9 (2.6) 17.3 (1.0) Nonpreventive care (n = 5198) 76.9 (1.2) 78.1 (1.4) 76.4 (1.3) 49.1 (2.6) 82.7 (1.0) Gynecologic or sexual health care .156 <.001 Yes (n = 569) 24.2 (1.2) 25.6 (1.4) 23.6 (1.3) 56.7 (2.7) 17.5 (1.0) No (n = 5134) 75.8 (1.2) 74.4 (1.4) 76.4 (1.3) 43.3 (2.7) 82.5 (1.0) Data are weighted % (standard error).
↵* Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) include diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, or tobacco use.
↵† Family planning action defined by (1) reason for visit related to family planning, (2) diagnosis code related to family planning, (3) family planning–related procedure code, (4) counseling for family planning and contraception, or (5) contraceptive medication listed.
- Table 2. Bivariate Analysis of Visits With Family Planning Actions and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Family Planning* Records With CVRFs† Records With No Chronic Disease Total Records (n = 6787)‡ n Weighted % n Weighted % n Weighted % At least one action 387 17.4 778 17.1 1165 17.2 No actions 1788 82.6 3834 82.9 5622 82.8 ↵* Family planning action defined by (1) reason for visit related to family planning, (2) diagnosis related to family planning, (3) family planning–related procedure code, (4) counseling for family planning and contraception, or (5) contraceptive medication listed.
↵† Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) include diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, or tobacco use.
↵‡ Wald χ2 = 0.06; P = .81.
- Table 3. Multivariable Model Predicting Family Planning Action During Visits by Women of Reproductive Age
Variable Odds Ratio (95% CI) Any cardiovascular risk factor* 1.2 (0.9–1.5) Age group Adult Referent Adolescent 0.8 (0.5–1.1) Advanced maternal age 0.4 (0.3–0.5) Race/ethnicity White Referent Hispanic 1.4 (0.9–2.3) Non-Hispanic black 1.2 (0.9–1.7) Non-Hispanic other 0.7 (0.4–1.2) Insurance Private Referent Medicaid 1.4 (0.8–2.4) Other 0.6 (0.3–1.3) Self-pay 0.7 (0.4–1.2) Provider of patient visit Other MD Referent PCP 1.1 (0.8–1.7) Patient relationship with practice at time of visit New patient Referent Established patient 0.9 (0.6–1.3) Specialty of provider Obstetrics and gynecology Referent Primary care specialties 0.5 (0.3–0.9) Other 0.3 (0.2–0.5) Major reason for visit Nonpreventive care Referent Preventive visit 2.3 (1.8–3.1) Receipt of gynecologic or sexual health care No Referent Yes 2.6 (1.9–3.7) An abstractor variable indicating who completed the survey form (physicians and clinic personnel or Census field representative) was added to the multivariable analysis and did not affect the outcome measure in the adjusted analysis. Additional covariates in the model include region, metropolitan statistical area, and median household income for patient ZIP code. Model fit was assessed by the C statistic (C-statistic = 0.783).
↵* Cardiovascular risk factors include diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, or tobacco use.
CI, confidence interval; MD, medical doctor; PCP, primary care physician.
