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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Characteristics of Men Who Perpetrate Intimate Partner Violence

Vijay Singh, Richard Tolman, Maureen Walton, Stephen Chermack and Rebecca Cunningham
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine September 2014, 27 (5) 661-668; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2014.05.130247
Vijay Singh
the Department of Emergency Medicine, Injury Center, and Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation (VS, RC), the Department of Family Medicine (VS), the School of Social Work (RT), and the Department of Psychiatry (MW, SC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
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Richard Tolman
the Department of Emergency Medicine, Injury Center, and Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation (VS, RC), the Department of Family Medicine (VS), the School of Social Work (RT), and the Department of Psychiatry (MW, SC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
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Maureen Walton
the Department of Emergency Medicine, Injury Center, and Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation (VS, RC), the Department of Family Medicine (VS), the School of Social Work (RT), and the Department of Psychiatry (MW, SC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
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Stephen Chermack
the Department of Emergency Medicine, Injury Center, and Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation (VS, RC), the Department of Family Medicine (VS), the School of Social Work (RT), and the Department of Psychiatry (MW, SC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
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Rebecca Cunningham
the Department of Emergency Medicine, Injury Center, and Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation (VS, RC), the Department of Family Medicine (VS), the School of Social Work (RT), and the Department of Psychiatry (MW, SC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
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    Table 1. Demographics and Prevalence of Prior Family Violence and Bivariate Analyses Comparing Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Perpetration and Nonperpetration Among Married or Cohabiting Adult Men (N = 530)
    VariableFull sample (N = 530)No IPV Perpetration (n = 428)IPV perpetration (n = 102)IPV Perpetration, OR* (95% CI)
    Demographics
        Mean age, years (SD)42.6 (13.1)43.0 (13.4)41.0 (11.8)0.98 (0.96–1.00)
        Non-Hispanic white race415 (78.3)339 (79.2)76 (74.5)0.77 (0.46–1.27)
        Education beyond high school298 (56.2)248 (57.9)50 (49)0.70 (0.45–1.08)
        Health insurance383 (72.3)311 (72.7)72 (70.6)0.90 (0.56–1.45)
        Employed444 (83.8)358 (83.6)86 (84.3)1.05 (0.58–1.90)
        Mean income, in tens of thousands $ (SD)7.7 (4.9)7.9 (5.0)7.2 (4.7)0.97 (0.93–1.02)
    Health services use
        Regular doctor for routine care—324 (75.7)66 (64.7)0.59 (0.37–0.93)†
        ≥1 Routine health visit in past year—266 (62.1)54 (52.9)0.69 (0.44–1.06)
        ≥1 Emergency room visit in past year—115 (26.9)32 (31.1)1.24 (0.78–1.99)
    Physical symptoms or health conditions
        Chronic pain from arthritis—88 (20.6)23 (22.5)1.12 (0.67–1.89)
        Chronic back or neck pain—130 (30.4)31 (30.4)1.00 (0.63–1.60)
        Chronic pain from other sources—39 (9.1)14 (13.7)1.59 (0.83–3.05)
        Epilepsy or seizures—9 (2.1)1 (1.0)0.46 (0.06–3.68)
        Injury or poisoning in past year—42 (9.8)10 (9.8)1.00 (0.48–2.06)
        Irritable bowel syndrome symptoms—18 (4.2)12 (11.8)3.04 (1.41–6.53)‡
        Insomnia symptoms, mean (SD)—1.98 (0.85)2.25 (0.89)1.42 (1.11–1.81)‡
        Headache symptoms, mean (SD)—1.78 (0.65)1.89 (0.72)1.27 (0.93–1.75)
    Mental health diagnoses, DSM-IV criteria
        Substance abuse/dependence§—96 (22.4)39 (38.2)2.14 (1.35–3.39)‡
        Major depressive disorder—78 (18.2)19 (18.6)1.03 (0.59–1.79)
        Posttraumatic stress disorder—20 (4.67)5 (5.0)1.05 (0.39–2.87)
        Anxiety disorders‖—46 (10.7)15 (14.0)1.43 (0.76–2.68)
    Prior family violence
        Victim of childhood family violence¶234 (44.2)170 (39.7)64 (63.4)2.63 (1.68–4.11)**
        Witnessed childhood family violence††97 (18.4)62 (14.6)35 (35)3.16 (1.93–5.17)**
    • Data are n (weighted %) unless otherwise indicated. IPV perpetration includes having pushed, grabbed, or shoved; threw something; slapped or hit; kicked, bit, or hit with a fist; beat up; choked; burned or scalded; and threatened their partner with a knife or gun.

    • ↵* The odds ratio reference category is no IPV perpetration.

    • ↵† P < .05.

    • ↵‡ P < .01.

    • ↵§ Alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, drug abuse, or drug dependence.

    • ↵‖ Panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder.

    • ↵¶ N = 529 because only 529 randomly assigned men received both the IPV perpetration and victim of childhood family violence questions.

    • ↵** P < .001.

    • ↵†† N = 526 because only 526 randomly assigned men received both the IPV perpetration and witnessed childhood family violence questions.

    • View popup
    Table 2. Multivariate Logistic Regression Showing Correlates of Any Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Perpetration Among Adult Married and Cohabiting Men
    CharacteristicsIPV Perpetration
    Model 1 (n = 530)Model 2 (n = 530)Model 3* (n = 526)
    Demographics
        Age, years (in decades)1.00 (0.98–1.02)1.00 (0.98–1.02))1.00 (0.98–1.02)
        Non-Hispanic white race vs. other0.80 (0.48–1.35)0.79 (0.47–1.34)0.80 (0.46–1.37)
        Employed1.19 (0.60–2.36)1.20 (0.60–2.39)1.09 (0.53–2.22)
        Education beyond high school0.80 (0.50–1.29)0.84 (0.52–1.36)0.90 (0.55–1.49)
        Income, $ (in tens of thousands)0.99 (0.94–1.05)0.99 (0.94–1.05)0.98 (0.93–1.03)
    Health services use
        Regular doctor for routine care0.67 (0.41–1.09)0.72 (0.43–1.18)0.73 (0.44–1.23)
    Physical symptoms
        Irritable bowel syndrome symptoms2.80 (1.26–6.21)†2.61 (1.17–5.84)†2.19 (0.95–5.01)
        Insomnia symptoms1.38 (1.08–1.77)†1.33 (1.04–1.71)†1.29 (0.99–1.67)
    Mental health diagnoses, DSM-IV criteria
        Substance abuse/dependence‡1.76 (1.09–2.85)†1.60 (0.97–2.66)
    Prior family violence
        Victim of childhood family violence1.99 (1.21–3.28)§
        Witnessed childhood family violence2.02 (1.17–3.49)†
    • Data are odds ratios (95% confidence intervals). No IPV perpetration is odds ratio reference category. IPV perpetration includes having pushed; grabbed or shoved; threw something; slapped or hit; kicked, bit, or hit with a fist; beat up; choked; burned or scalded; or threatened their partner with a knife or gun. Model 1 includes only demographics, health services use, and physical symptoms that primary care physicians routinely assess. Model2 added substance abuse and dependence to evaluate whether the associations with physical symptoms remained significant. Model 3 added prior family violence to understand the relationship of IPV to substance abuse and history of family violence.

    • ↵* Model 3 cohort was n = 526 because only 526 randomly assigned men received both the IPV perpetration and prior family violence questions.

    • ↵† P < .05.

    • ↵‡ Alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, drug abuse, or drug dependence.

    • ↵§ P < .01.

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The Journal of the American Board of Family     Medicine: 27 (5)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 27, Issue 5
September-October 2014
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Characteristics of Men Who Perpetrate Intimate Partner Violence
Vijay Singh, Richard Tolman, Maureen Walton, Stephen Chermack, Rebecca Cunningham
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Sep 2014, 27 (5) 661-668; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2014.05.130247

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Characteristics of Men Who Perpetrate Intimate Partner Violence
Vijay Singh, Richard Tolman, Maureen Walton, Stephen Chermack, Rebecca Cunningham
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Sep 2014, 27 (5) 661-668; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2014.05.130247
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