Research ArticleOriginal Research

Psychosocial Correlates of Insomnia Severity in Primary Care

Daniel Bluestein, Carolyn M. Rutledge and Amanda C. Healey
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine March 2010, 23 (2) 204-211; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2010.02.090179

Article Figures & Data

Tables

  • Table 1.

    Study Sample Characteristics

    AgeAll SitesSite 1Site 2Site 3
        Mean45454445
        Range19–9119–8320–6822–91
    Sex (n = 236)
        Male61 (26)45 (28)16 (29)1 (6)
        Female175 (74)118 (72)40 (71)16 (94)
    Ethnicity (n = 160)
        African American119 (74)101 (73)6 (60)12 (71)
        White34 (21)26 (20)3 (30)5 (29)
        Asian2 (1)1 (1)0 (0)0 (0)
        Hispanic1 (0.5)1 (1)1 (10)0 (0)
        Other4 (2.5)4 (3)0 (0)0 (0)
    Relationship status (n = 236)
        Married84 (36)56 (34)19 (34)9 (52)
        Widowed17 (7)11 (7)5 (9)1 (6)
        Never married73 (31)52 (32)18 (32)3 (18)
        Divorced62 (26)44 (27)14 (25)4 (24)
    Level of education (n = 235)
        Some high school43 (18)34 (21)8 (14)1 (6)
        High school graduate107 (46)70 (43)27 (48)10 (58)
        College graduate40 (17)26 (16)10 (18)4 (24)
        Professional/graduate45 (19)32 (20)11 (20)2 (12)

    • Values provided as n (%).

  • Table 2.

    Psychosoical Measure Means

    TotalSite 1Site 2Site 3
    X̄SDX̄SDX̄SDX̄SD
    ISI175.4165.4204.2177.2
    CES-D2211.22211.22311.6249.8
    SE-S237.2247.4226.1228.9
    DBAS0.500.150.510.160.500.140.520.14
    SF-8246.8246.9246.7236.2

    • ISI, Insomnia Severity Index; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; SE-S, Self-Efficacy for Sleep Scale; DBAS, Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep scale; SF-8, Medical Outcomes Study SF-8 global health status measure.

  • Table 3.

    Bivariate Correlations of Study Variables with Insomnia Severity

    VariableCorrelation (r)
    Relationship status−0.03
    Race−0.023
    Education0.017
    Gender−0.065
    Age−0.034
    SF-8*0.36
    CES-D*0.39
    SE-S*−0.52
    DBAS*0.31

    • * P < .01.

    • CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; SE-S, Self-Efficacy for Sleep Scale; DBAS, Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep scale; SF-8, Medical Outcomes Study SF-8 global health status measure.

  • Table 4.

    Regression Analysis for Insomnia Severity

    R2FAdjusted R2β
    Model 1
        SE-S*0.26684.770.263−0.516
    Model 2
        SE-S0.31252.780.306−0.427
        CES-D*0.232
    Excluded from models
        DBAS0.003
        SF-80.014

    • * P < .001.

    • CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; SE-S, Self-Efficacy for Sleep Scale; DBAS, Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep Scale; SF-8, Medical Outcomes Study SF-8 global health status measure.

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