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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Is Seasonal Variation Another Risk Factor for Postpartum Depression?

Veena Panthangi, Patricia West, Ruth T. Savoy-Moore, Manjeet Geeta and Eileen Reickert
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine September 2009, 22 (5) 492-497; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2009.05.080066
Veena Panthangi
MD
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Patricia West
PhD
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Ruth T. Savoy-Moore
PhD
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Manjeet Geeta
MD
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Eileen Reickert
MD
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    Figure 1.

    Incidence of postpartum depression, indicated by a score >12 on the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, during different seasons of the year (χ2; P = .342).

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    Figure 2.

    Women of higher gravidity and parity had higher scores (dark bars) on the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (t test; P < .0005).

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    Figure 3.

    New mothers with a history of depression or who were taking antidepressive medication when they filled in the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale were more likely to score >12 on the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (χ2; P < .0005).

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    Table 1.

    Demographic Characteristics of the Study Postpartum Sample (n = 530)

    VariableValue
    Age (mean ± SE [range])24.9 ± 0.2 (14–43)
    Gravidity (mean ± SE [range])2.1 ± 0.1 (0–10)
    Parity (mean ± SE [range])1.6 ± 0.1 (0–8)
    Marital Status (n = 528) (%)
        Single74
        Married26
    Ethnicity (%)
        African American71
        White25
        Other4
    Location of obstetric care (%)
        Ob/gyn clinic81
        Family medicine clinics11
        Other sites5
        No prenatal care3
    Education (n = 332) (%)
        Some high school23
        High school grad38
        Some college30
        College graduate school9
    Annual ncome (n = 459) (%)
        <$10,00033
        $10,000–24,00034
        $25,000–49,00021
        >$50,00012
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    Table 2.

    Predictors of Postpartum Depression from the Logistic Regression

    VariablePercentOdds Ratio95% CI
    Depression
        Previous diagnosis of depression42.94.0032.016–7.949
        No history12.91.0
    Antidepressives
        Taking medication for depression58.33.6131.207–10.817
        Not taking medication for depression15.91.0
    Social support
        Not very good or little/none30.81.2780.207–7.895
        Adequate44.03.9042.080–7.325
        Excellent or very good12.61.0
    Parity (mean ± SE)1.4311.204–1.701
        Women with EPDS scores ≥132.3 ± 0.2
        Women with EPDS scores ≤121.5 ± 0.1
    • EPDS, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale.

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The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine: 22 (5)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 22, Issue 5
September-October 2009
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Is Seasonal Variation Another Risk Factor for Postpartum Depression?
Veena Panthangi, Patricia West, Ruth T. Savoy-Moore, Manjeet Geeta, Eileen Reickert
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Sep 2009, 22 (5) 492-497; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2009.05.080066

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Is Seasonal Variation Another Risk Factor for Postpartum Depression?
Veena Panthangi, Patricia West, Ruth T. Savoy-Moore, Manjeet Geeta, Eileen Reickert
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Sep 2009, 22 (5) 492-497; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2009.05.080066
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