Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Study diagram. EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire; PP, postpartum; F/U, follow-up.
- Figure 2.
Comparison of EPDS and PHQ-9 scores by categories of risk. Darkly shaded areas are concordant between the level of risk identified by the EPDS and the PHQ-9. The lightly shaded area represents those who fall into the PHQ-9 group that have “mild symptoms and require repeat PHQ-9.”42 EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire.
Tables
- Table 1.
Categories of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (18) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (42) scores
EPDS Score Interpretation PHQ-9 Score Interpretation 0-9 “Normal” 0-4 “Normal” 10, 11 “Slightly increased risk” 5-9 “Mild depressive symptoms”; “repeat PHQ-9 at follow-up” 12-15 “Increased risk” 10-14 “Moderate depressive symptoms” ≥16 “Likely depression” ≥15 “Moderately severe to severe depressive symptoms” EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire.
Screening Tool Suicidal Issues Response EPDS Never Normal Hardly ever Suicidal ideation requiring evaluation Sometimes Suicidal ideation requiring evaluation Often Suicidal ideation requiring evaluation PHQ-9 Not at all Normal Several days Suicidal ideation requiring evaluation >Half the days Suicidal ideation requiring evaluation Nearly every day Suicidal ideation requiring evaluation EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire.
Age Married* Completed High School† Employed Outside Home‡ Income >$30,000/year§ 18 to 19 (n = 57) 21 (36.8) 46 (80.7) 18 (31.6) 6 (10.5) 20 to 24 (n = 154) 78 (50.6) 125 (81.1) 71 (46.1) 29 (18.8) 25 to 29 (n = 137) 97 (70.8) 119 (86.9) 65 (47.4) 72 (52.6) 30 to 34 (n = 86) 71 (82.6) 81 (94.2) 50 (58.1) 58 (67.4) ≥35 (n = 46) 33 (71.7) 42 (91.3) 28 (60.9) 28 (60.9) All values provided as n (%). Percents are by age group.
* P < .0001 (χ2 test of row variation).
† P = .04 (χ2 test of row variation).
‡ P = .01 (χ2 test of row variation).
§ P < .0001 (χ2 test of row variation).
EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire.
EPDS Score PHQ-9 Score ≤4; “Normal” 5-9; “Reevaluate” 10-14; “Increased Risk of Depression” ≥15; “Very Likely to Have Depression” <0-9; “normal” 249 (51.8) 77 (16.0) 15 (3.1) 2 (0.4) 10, 11; “slightly increased risk” 11 (2.2) 17 (3.5) 7 (1.5) 1 (0.2) 12-15; “increased risk” 11 (2.2) 22 (4.6) 20 (4.2) 11 (2.3) ≥16; “marked risk” 0 4 (0.8) 12 (2.5) 22 (4.6) All values provided as n (%).
EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire.
EPDS “The thought of harming myself has occurred to me” PHQ-9 “Thoughts that you would be better off dead, or of hurting yourself in some way” Not at All Several Days More Than Half the Days Nearly Every Day Never 435 10 1 0 Hardly ever 12 10 0 0 Sometimes 3 5 4 0 Often 0 0 0 1 EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire.
