Variables Associated With Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Acceptance by Men

Daron G. Ferris; Jennifer L. Waller; Jeremiah Miller; Pratik Patel; George A. Price; Lanier Jackson; Courtesia Wilson

doi:10.3122/jabfm.2009.01.080008

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Table 1.

Comparison of Demographics With Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Preferences

Variable	Do You Want to Receive the HPV Vaccine?			P^*
Variable	Yes (n [%])	No (n [%])	Don't Know (n [%])	P^*
Age				.0009
18–29	127 (67.6)	88 (57.5)	177 (78.0)
30–39	37 (19.7)	37 (24.2)	32 (14.1)
40–49	24 (12.8)	28 (18.3)	18 (7.9)
Race				.0003
White	105 (56.2)	76 (49.7)	164 (72.9)
Black	64 (34.2)	63 (41.2)	42 (18.7)
Asian	2 (1.1)	3 (2.0)	5 (2.2)
Hispanic	11 (5.9)	5 (3.3)	9 (4.0)
Other	5 (2.7)	6 (3.9)	5 (2.2)
Salary				.29
<$19,000	37 (19.7)	28 (18.7)	40 (17.7)
$19,001–$50,000	69 (36.7)	48 (32.0)	79 (35.0)
$50,001–$100,000	51 (27.1)	50 (33.3)	54 (23.9)
>$100,000	31 (16.5)	24 (16.0)	53 (23.5)
Education				<.0001
Less than a high school diploma	7 (3.7)	5 (3.3)	8 (3.6)
High school graduate or GED	115 (61.2)	92 (60.1)	174 (77.7)
College graduate	60 (31.9)	38 (24.8)	38 (17.0)
Post-graduate degree	6 (3.2)	18 (11.8)	4 (1.8)
Insurance				.81
None	31 (16.9)	18 (12.0)	27 (12.4)
Private	110 (60.1)	101 (67.3)	142 (65.1)
Medicaid	4 (2.2)	6 (4.0)	6 (2.8)
Medicare	13 (7.1)	9 (6.0)	15 (6.9)
Other	25 (13.7)	16 (10.7)	28 (12.8)
Religion				.11
Catholic	35 (18.8)	24 (15.8)	26 (11.6)
Protestant	118 (63.4)	93 (61.2)	153 (68.0)
Jewish	1 (0.5)	6 (4.0)	2 (0.9)
Islam	2 (1.1)	4 (2.6)	1 (0.4)
Buddhism	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (0.4)
Atheism	3 (1.6)	1 (0.7)	5 (2.2)
None	17 (9.1)	17 (11.2)	19 (8.4)
Other	10 (5.4)	7 (4.6)	18 (8.0)
Sexual orientation				.22
Heterosexual	177 (95.2)	139 (92.7)	220 (97.4)
Homosexual	6 (3.2)	6 (4.0)	2 (0.9)
Bisexual	3 (1.6)	5 (3.3)	4 (1.8)
Marital status				.02
Single	116 (61.7)	78 (51.0)	165 (73.3)
Married	53 (28.2)	54 (35.3)	46 (20.4)
Divorced	5 (2.7)	7 (4.6)	7 (3.1)
Widowed	1 (0.5)	1 (0.7)	1 (0.4)
Civil union	1 (0.5)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Living with a partner	9 (4.8)	10 (6.5)	4 (1.8)
Separated, anticipating divorce	3 (1.6)	3 (2.0)	2 (0.9)
Lifestyle practices
I wear a seatbelt				.02
All of the time	85 (45.2)	90 (58.8)	134 (59.0)
Most of the time	68 (36.2)	34 (22.2)	53 (23.4)
Some of the time	29 (15.4)	26 (15.0)	37 (16.3)
Never	6 (3.2)	6 (3.9)	3 (1.3)
I use tobacco (cigarettes or other forms)				.001
Regularly	59 (32.2)	28 (18.9)	47 (20.9)
Occasionally	39 (21.3)	26 (17.6)	65 (28.9)
Never	85 (46.5)	94 (63.5)	113 (50.2)
I drink alcohol				.14
Regularly	49 (26.2)	28 (18.4)	53 (23.6)
Socially	111 (59.4)	91 (59.9)	118 (52.4)
In the past	15 (8.0)	13 (8.6)	23 (10.2)
Never	12 (6.4)	20 (13.2)	31 (13.8)

* Value from χ² tests.
HPV, human papillomavirus.

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Table 2.

Comparison of Sexual History With Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Preferences

Variable	Do You Want to Receive the HPV Vaccine?			P^*
Variable	Yes (n [%])	No (n [%])	Don't Know (n [%])	P^*
Are you sexually active?				.0008
Yes	144 (76.6)	120 (78.4)	159 (70.0)
Not currently	36 (19.2)	20 (13.1)	31 (13.7)
Never have been	8 (4.3)	13 (8.5)	37 (16.3)
How old were you when you first had sexual intercourse?				.15
<15	25 (14.0)	15 (10.7)	28 (15.0)
15–18	131 (73.6)	104 (74.3)	125 (66.8)
19–25	22 (12.4)	19 (13.6)	34 (18.2)
>25	0 (0.0)	2 (1.4)	0 (0.0)
Male sexual partners (n)				.94
0	157 (89.2)	122 (88.4)	166 (90.7)
<5	8 (4.6)	7 (5.1)	8 (4.4)
5–10	4 (2.3)	5 (3.6)	3 (1.6)
>10	7 (4.0)	4 (2.9)	3 (3.3)
Female sexual partners (n)				.0004
0	6 (3.4)	4 (2.9)	2 (1.0)
<5	45 (25.3)	60 (43.2)	90 (48.4)
5–10	51 (28.7)	37 (26.6)	42 (22.6)
>10	76 (42.7)	38 (27.3)	52 (28.0)
What type of sexual activity do you have?
Oral				.045
No	48 (26.7)	32 (22.5)	31 (16.2)
Yes	132 (73.3)	110 (77.5)	161 (83.8)
Vaginal				.66
No	14 (7.8)	12 (8.5)	20 (10.4)
Yes	166 (92.2)	130 (91.5)	173 (89.6)
Anal				.24
No	144 (79.6)	123 (86.6)	157 (81.4)
Yes	37 (20.4)	19 (13.4)	36 (18.6)
Other				.80
No	174 (97.8)	139 (97.9)	185 (96.9)
Yes	4 (2.2)	3 (2.1)	6 (3.1)
How often do you have sex?				.03
Never	2 (1.2)	4 (2.9)	15 (8.0)
Less than once a month	29 (16.8)	26 (18.7)	28 (14.9)
At least once a month	49 (28.3)	28 (20.1)	43 (22.9)
At least once a week	93 (53.8)	81 (58.3)	102 (54.3)

* Value from χ² tests.
HPV, human papillomavirus.

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Table 3.

Comparison of Vaccine-Related Variables With Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Preferences

Variable	Do You Want to Receive the HPV Vaccine?			P^*
Variable	Yes (n [%])	Yes (n [%])	Yes (n [%])	P^*
How worried are you about vaccine side effects?				<.0001
Extremely worried	41 (21.8)	37 (24.2)	10 (4.4)
Neutral	87 (46.3)	67 (43.8)	107 (47.1)
Not worried at all	60 (31.9)	49 (32.0)	110 (48.5)
How concerned are you about vaccine safety?				<.0001
Extremely concerned	70 (37.2)	59 (38.8)	35 (15.4)
Neutral	82 (43.6)	59 (38.8)	35 (15.4)
No concerned at all	36 (19.2)	34 (22.4)	68 (30.0)
How important is it for you to get vaccines?				<.0001
Extremely important	126 (67.0)	70 (45.8)	89 (39.2)
Neutral	59 (31.4)	72 (47.1)	121 (53.3)
Not important at all	3 (1.6)	11 (7.2)	17 (7.5)
How familiar are you with HPV?				<.0001
Very familiar	32 (17.1)	10 (6.5)	10 (4.4)
Somewhat familiar	112 (59.9)	80 (52.3)	128 (56.6)
Not at all familiar	43 (23.0)	63 (41.2)	88 (38.9)
How important is it for you to get the HPV vaccine?				<.0001
Extremely important	102 (56.7)	28 (18.8)	18 (8.2)
Neutral	76 (42.2)	93 (62.4)	178 (81.3)
Not important at all	2 (1.1)	28 (18.8)	23 (10.5)

* Value from χ² tests.
HPV, human papillomavirus.

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Table 4.

Factors That Affect Men's Willingness to Receive the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

I would be more willing to get the HPV vaccine …	Do you want to get the HPV vaccine? (n [%])
If my doctor recommend it
No	250 (43.9)
Yes	319 (56.1)
If free
No	276 (48.5)
Yes	293 (51.5)
If the research proved the vaccine to be helpful in men
No	281 (49.3)
Yes	289 (50.7)
If covered by insurance
No	323 (56.7)
Yes	247 (43.3)
If the research proved the vaccine to be safe in men
No	337 (59.1)
Yes	233 (40.9)
If my partner wanted me to get it
No	404 (70.9)
Yes	166 (29.1)