Skip to main content

Main menu

  • HOME
  • ARTICLES
    • Current Issue
    • Abstracts In Press
    • Archives
    • Special Issue Archive
    • Subject Collections
  • INFO FOR
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Call For Papers
    • Subscribers
    • Advertisers
  • SUBMIT
    • Manuscript
    • Peer Review
  • ABOUT
    • The JABFM
    • The Editing Fellowship
    • Editorial Board
    • Indexing
    • Editors' Blog
  • CLASSIFIEDS
  • Other Publications
    • abfm

User menu

Search

  • Advanced search
American Board of Family Medicine
  • Other Publications
    • abfm
American Board of Family Medicine

American Board of Family Medicine

Advanced Search

  • HOME
  • ARTICLES
    • Current Issue
    • Abstracts In Press
    • Archives
    • Special Issue Archive
    • Subject Collections
  • INFO FOR
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Call For Papers
    • Subscribers
    • Advertisers
  • SUBMIT
    • Manuscript
    • Peer Review
  • ABOUT
    • The JABFM
    • The Editing Fellowship
    • Editorial Board
    • Indexing
    • Editors' Blog
  • CLASSIFIEDS
  • JABFM on Bluesky
  • JABFM On Facebook
  • JABFM On Twitter
  • JABFM On YouTube
Review ArticleClinical Review

Primary Care Approach to Proteinuria

Amir Said Alizadeh Naderi and Robert F. Reilly
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine November 2008, 21 (6) 569-574; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2008.06.070080
Amir Said Alizadeh Naderi
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Robert F. Reilly
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

References

  1. ↵
    Adams F. The genuine works of Hippocrates, vol 2. London: C & J Adlars Printers; 1849.
  2. ↵
    Bright R. Cases and observations, illustrative of renal disease accompanied with the secretion of albuminous urine. London Medical Gazette 1835; 72–74.
  3. ↵
    Cameron JS. Milk or albumin? The history of proteinuria before Richard Bright. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003; 18: 1281–5.
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
  4. ↵
    Carroll MF, Temte JL. Proteinuria in adults: a diagnostic approach. Am Fam Physician 2000; 62: 1333–40.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  5. ↵
    Remuzzi G, Schieppati A, Ruggenenti P. Clinical practice. Nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 1145–51.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  6. Viberti GC, Hill RD, Jarrett RJ, Argyropoulos A, Mahmud U, Keen H. Microalbuminuria as a predictor of clinical nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Lancet 1982; 1: 1430–2.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  7. Parvanova AI, Trevisan R, Iliev IP, et al. Insulin resistance and microalbuminuria: a cross-sectional, case-control study of 158 patients with type 2 diabetes and different degrees of urinary albumin excretion. Diabetes 2006; 55: 1456–62.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  8. ↵
    Gerstein HC, Mann JF, Yi Q, et al. Albuminuria and risk of cardiovascular events, death, and heart failure in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. JAMA 2001; 286: 421–6.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  9. Wachtell K, Ibsen H, Olsen MH, et al. Albuminuria and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: the LIFE study. Ann Intern Med 2003; 139: 901–6.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  10. Hillege HL, Fidler V, Diercks GF, et al. Urinary albumin excretion predicts cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality in general population. Circulation 2002; 106: 1777–82.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  11. ↵
    Burton C, Harris KP. The role of proteinuria in the progression of chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis 1996; 27: 765–75.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  12. ↵
    Tryggvason K, Patrakka J and Wartiovaara J. Hereditary proteinuria syndromes and mechanisms of proteinuria. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1387–401.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  13. Harvey JM, Howie AJ, Lee SJ, et al. Renal biopsy findings in hypertensive patients with proteinuria. Lancet 1992; 340: 1435–6.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  14. Waugh JJ, Clark TJ, Divakaran TG, Khan KS, Kilby MD. Accuracy of urinalysis dipstick techniques in predicting significant proteinuria in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2004; 103: 769–77.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  15. Kyle RA, Gertz MA, Witzig TE, et al. Review of 1027 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Mayo Clin Proc 2003; 78: 21–33.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  16. ↵
    Ginsberg JM, Chang BS, Matarese RA, Garella S. Use of single voided urine samples to estimate quantitative proteinuria. N Engl J Med 1983; 309: 1543–6.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  17. Schwab SJ, Christensen RL, Dougherty K, Klahr S. Quantitation of proteinuria by the use of protein-to-creatinine ratios in single urine samples. Arch Intern Med 1987; 147: 943–4.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  18. Chitalia VC, Kothari J, Wells EJ, et al. Cost-benefit analysis and prediction of 24-hour proteinuria from the spot urine protein-creatinine ratio. Clin Nephrol 2001; 55: 436–47.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  19. ↵
    KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2007; 49: S12–154.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  20. ↵
    Bazzi C, Petrini C, Rizza V, Arrigo G, Beltrame A, D'Amico G. Characterization of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritides. SDS-PAGE patterns: clinical significance and prognostic value of low molecular weight (“tubular”) proteins. Am J Kidney Dis 1997; 29: 27–35.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  21. ↵
    Reichert LJ, Koene RA, Wetzels JF. Urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin predicts renal outcome in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 1995; 6: 1666–9.
    OpenUrlAbstract
  22. ↵
    Wilmer WA, Rovin BH, Hebert CJ, Rao SV, Kumor K, Hebert LA. Management of glomerular proteinuria: a commentary. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14: 3217–32.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  23. ↵
    Keren DF. Procedures for the evaluation of monoclonal immunoglobulins. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1999; 123: 126–32.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  24. ↵
    Poortmans JR. Postexercise proteinuria in humans. Facts and mechanisms. JAMA 1985; 253: 236–40.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  25. ↵
    Houser MT, Jahn MF, Kobayashi A, Walburn J. Assessment of urinary protein excretion in the adolescent: effect of body position and exercise. J Pediatr 1986; 109: 556–61.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  26. ↵
    Robinson RR. Isolated proteinuria in asymptomatic patients. Kidney Int 1980; 18: 395–406.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  27. ↵
    Rytand DA, Spreiter S. Prognosis in postural (orthostatic) proteinuria: forty to fifty-year follow-up of 6 patients after diagnosis by Thomas Addis. N Engl J Med 1981; 305: 618–21.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine: 21 (6)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 21, Issue 6
November-December 2008
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • Cover (PDF)
  • Index by author
  • Back Matter (PDF)
  • Front Matter (PDF)
Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Board of Family Medicine.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Primary Care Approach to Proteinuria
(Your Name) has sent you a message from American Board of Family Medicine
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the American Board of Family Medicine web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
7 + 5 =
Solve this simple math problem and enter the result. E.g. for 1+3, enter 4.
Citation Tools
Primary Care Approach to Proteinuria
Amir Said Alizadeh Naderi, Robert F. Reilly
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Nov 2008, 21 (6) 569-574; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2008.06.070080

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Primary Care Approach to Proteinuria
Amir Said Alizadeh Naderi, Robert F. Reilly
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Nov 2008, 21 (6) 569-574; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2008.06.070080
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Proteinuria
    • Box 1. Patient Instructions for 24-hr Urine Collection
    • Box 2. 24-hr Urine Collection in the Diagnosis of Orthostatic Proteinuria
    • Conclusion
    • Notes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • Hematuria and Proteinuria in Children
  • In this Issue: Testing Characteristics of Patient-Centered Medical Homes, Patient Self-Care, Predicting Outcomes, and Practical Clinical Information
  • Optimism: A Good Theme for Family Medicine
  • Chronic Disease: Increasing Prevalence Yet Better Control
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Interpretating Normal Values and Reference Ranges for Laboratory Tests
  • Non-Surgical Management of Urinary Incontinence
  • Screening and Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes in Sickle Cell Disease
Show more Clinical Reviews

Similar Articles

Navigate

  • Home
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues

Authors & Reviewers

  • Info For Authors
  • Info For Reviewers
  • Submit A Manuscript/Review

Other Services

  • Get Email Alerts
  • Classifieds
  • Reprints and Permissions

Other Resources

  • Forms
  • Contact Us
  • ABFM News

© 2025 American Board of Family Medicine

Powered by HighWire