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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Effect of Antibiotics on Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A MetroNet Study

Jinping Xu, Kendra Schwartz, Monina Bartoces, Joseph Monsur, Richard K. Severson and Jack D. Sobel
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine July 2008, 21 (4) 261-268; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2008.04.070169
Jinping Xu
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Kendra Schwartz
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Monina Bartoces
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Joseph Monsur
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Richard K. Severson
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Jack D. Sobel
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Article Figures & Data

Tables

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    Table 1.

    Demographic and Health Characteristics of Study Sample by Treatment Group

    CharacteristicsAntibiotic (n = 44) (n [%])Control (n = 36) (n [%])P
    Age in years.79
        18–3518 (41.9)12 (34.3)
        36–5021 (48.8)20 (57.1)
        ≥504 (9.3)3 (8.6)
        Missing11
    Race.37
        White19 (48.7)16 (48.5)
        African American16 (41.0)10 (30.3)
        Other4 (10.3)7 (21.2)
        Missing53
    Education.13
        ≤High school5 (12.8)7 (21.2)
        Some college21 (53.8)10 (30.3)
        ≥College degree13 (33.3)16 (48.5)
        Missing53
    Marital status.77
        Married9 (23.1)10 (30.3)
        Single14 (35.9)10 (30.3)
        Separated/divorced/widowed16 (41.1)13 (39.4)
        Missing53
    Post-menopausal.28
        Yes6 (15.4)8 (25.8)
        No33 (84.6)23 (74.2)
        Missing55
    Current smoker.72
        Yes9 (27.3)8 (23.5)
        No24 (72.7)26 (76.5)
        Missing112
    History of yeast vaginitis.23*
        Yes37 (94.9)27 (84.4)
        No2 (5.1)5 (15.6)
        Missing54
    Receptive oral sex.30
        Yes18 (48.6)12 (36.4)
        No19 (51.4)21 (63.6)
        Missing73
    Diabetes mellitus.66*
        Yes3 (13.6)2 (8.3)
        No19 (86.4)22 (91.7)
        Missing2212
    Birth control pill/patch.74*
        Yes6 (16.2)4 (12.1)
        No31 (83.8)29 (87.9)
        Missing73
    Hormone replacement therapy.12*
        Yes0 (0)6 (37.5)
        No7 (100)10 (62.5)
        Missing3720
    • * Fisher's exact test.

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    Table 2.

    Baseline and Follow-up Candida Culture and Follow-up Symptomatic VVC by Treatment Group

    Baseline Candida CultureFollow-Up Candida CultureFollow-Up Symptomatic VVC
    Positive (n [%])Negative (n [%])Missing (n)Positive (n [%])Negative (n [%])Missing (n)Positive (n [%])Negative (n [%])Missing (n)
    Antibiotic group8 (18.2)36 (81.8)010 (37.0)17 (63.0)176 (22.2)21 (77.8)†17
    Control group6 (17.1)29 (82.9)13 (11.1)24 (88.9)90 (0)26 (100)10
    RR* (95% CI)1.06 (0.41 –2.77) P = .913.33 (1.03 –10.79) P = .03∞‡ P = .02
    • * Relative risk of univariate analysis.

    • † One patient developed bacterial vaginosis.

    • ‡ One cell had zero in the 2 × 2 table for the calculation of relative risk.

    • View popup
    Table 3.

    Relative Risk Estimate of Outcomes of Interest in Hypothetical Scenarios of Women Lost to Follow-up

    Lost to Follow-up Developed Outcome of Interest, Regardless of Antibiotic Use (%)Outcomes of Interest
    RR of Positive Candida Culture After Antibiotic UseRR of Symptomatic VVC After Antibiotic Use
    02.73∞*
    52.5711.21
    102.456.30
    202.283.85
    302.173.03
    502.022.37
    701.932.09
    1001.841.88
    • * One cell had zero in the 2 × 2 table for the calculation of relative risk.

    • RR, relative risk; VVC, vulvovaginal candidiasis.

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The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine: 21 (4)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 21, Issue 4
July-August 2008
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Effect of Antibiotics on Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A MetroNet Study
Jinping Xu, Kendra Schwartz, Monina Bartoces, Joseph Monsur, Richard K. Severson, Jack D. Sobel
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jul 2008, 21 (4) 261-268; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2008.04.070169

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Effect of Antibiotics on Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A MetroNet Study
Jinping Xu, Kendra Schwartz, Monina Bartoces, Joseph Monsur, Richard K. Severson, Jack D. Sobel
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jul 2008, 21 (4) 261-268; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2008.04.070169
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  • Re: Effect of Antibiotics on Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A MetroNet Study
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