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Research ArticleReflections In Family Medicine

The Minority Tax: Stories from Family Physicians

Zuleica Santiago-Delgado, Namita Bhardwaj, Winfred T. Frazier, Ashley Collazo, N. Ogechi Abara and Kendall M. Campbell
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine January 2025, jabfm.2023.230495R1; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2023.230495R1
Zuleica Santiago-Delgado
From the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (ZSD); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (NB); MPH University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (WTF); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (AC); Yuma Regional Medical Center, Yuma AZ (NOA); University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ (NOA); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (KMC).
MD
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Namita Bhardwaj
From the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (ZSD); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (NB); MPH University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (WTF); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (AC); Yuma Regional Medical Center, Yuma AZ (NOA); University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ (NOA); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (KMC).
MD, MS, MPH
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Winfred T. Frazier
From the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (ZSD); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (NB); MPH University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (WTF); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (AC); Yuma Regional Medical Center, Yuma AZ (NOA); University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ (NOA); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (KMC).
MD, MPH
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Ashley Collazo
From the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (ZSD); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (NB); MPH University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (WTF); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (AC); Yuma Regional Medical Center, Yuma AZ (NOA); University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ (NOA); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (KMC).
MD
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N. Ogechi Abara
From the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (ZSD); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (NB); MPH University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (WTF); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (AC); Yuma Regional Medical Center, Yuma AZ (NOA); University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ (NOA); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (KMC).
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Kendall M. Campbell
From the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (ZSD); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (NB); MPH University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (WTF); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (AC); Yuma Regional Medical Center, Yuma AZ (NOA); University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ (NOA); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (KMC).
MD
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Article Information

jabfm.2023.230495R1
DOI 
https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2023.230495R1
PubMed 
39884863

Published By 
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Print ISSN 
1557-2625
Online ISSN 
1558-7118
History 
  • Received for publication December 27, 2023
  • Revision received March 26, 2024
  • Accepted for publication April 1, 2024
  • Published online January 30, 2025.

Article Versions

  • You are currently viewing a previous version of this article (January 30, 2025 - 12:28).
  • View the most recent version of this article
Copyright & Usage 
© Copyright by the American Board of Family Medicine.

Author Information

  1. Zuleica Santiago-Delgado, MD,
  2. Namita Bhardwaj, MD, MS, MPH,
  3. Winfred T. Frazier, MD, MPH,
  4. Ashley Collazo, MD,
  5. N. Ogechi Abara and
  6. Kendall M. Campbell, MD
  1. From the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (ZSD); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (NB); MPH University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (WTF); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (AC); Yuma Regional Medical Center, Yuma AZ (NOA); University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ (NOA); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (KMC).
  1. Corresponding author: Kendall M. Campbell MD, Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Drive, Galveston TX 77550 phone: 409 772-0620 E-mail: kemcampb{at}utmb.edu).
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The Journal of the American Board of Family     Medicine: 38 (1)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 38, Issue 1
January-February 2025
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The Minority Tax: Stories from Family Physicians
Zuleica Santiago-Delgado, Namita Bhardwaj, Winfred T. Frazier, Ashley Collazo, N. Ogechi Abara, Kendall M. Campbell
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jan 2025, jabfm.2023.230495R1; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230495R1

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The Minority Tax: Stories from Family Physicians
Zuleica Santiago-Delgado, Namita Bhardwaj, Winfred T. Frazier, Ashley Collazo, N. Ogechi Abara, Kendall M. Campbell
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jan 2025, jabfm.2023.230495R1; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230495R1
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