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Brief ReportBrief Report

Investigating the Effect of Weather Events on Primary Care Clinicians Across the United States

Elisabeth F. Callen and Tarin L. Clay
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine January 2024, 37 (1) 95-104; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2023.230128R2
Elisabeth F. Callen
From the American Academy of Family Physicians, Leawood, KS; DARTNet Institute, Aurora, CO (EFC, TLC).
PhD, PStat
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Tarin L. Clay
From the American Academy of Family Physicians, Leawood, KS; DARTNet Institute, Aurora, CO (EFC, TLC).
BA
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  • Article
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Article Figures & Data

Tables

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    Table 1.

    Survey Respondent Demographics

    n, %
    Respondent titles* (n = 62)
     Physician (MD/DO)55, 88.7
     PsyD, PharmD, PhD1, 1.6
     Other6, 9.7
    Time spent in direct patient care (n = 62)
     0%6, 9.7
     1% to 49%18, 29.0
     50% or more38, 61.3
    Census region where practice is located+ (n = 62)
     Northeast12, 19.4
     South19, 30.6
     Midwest15, 24.2
     West16, 25.8
    • *Titles with no responses: Resident, Medical Student, NA/PA.

    • +The lists of states in each division can be found at: www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf.

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    Table 2.

    Types of Weather Events That Have Affected Respondents’ Practices (n = 53)

    Overall % (n = 53)Percent CareRegion
    1–49% (n = 16)50%+ (n = 37)Sig.Northeast (n = 12)South (n = 17)Midwest (n = 10)West (n = 14)Sig.
    Snow/Snowstorm81.181.381.11.00091.764.7100.078.60.116
    Ice/Sleet/Ice Storm52.843.856.80.55050.064.790.014.30.001*
    Blizzard35.837.535.11.00050.029.450.021.40.339
    Thunderstorm35.825.040.50.35841.747.150.07.10.056
    Rain24.525.024.31.00016.741.230.07.10.155
    Flooding24.531.321.60.49916.741.220.014.30.333
    Hurricane20.86.327.00.14233.335.30.07.10.052
    Extreme Heat Events20.843.810.80.011*16.723.520.021.41.000
    Windstorm18.918.818.91.0008.329.440.00.00.027
    Tornado15.125.010.80.2248.35.940.014.30.133
    Lightning Strikes11.36.313.50.6550.011.840.00.00.009*
    Wildfire7.56.38.11.00016.70.00.014.30.134
    Hail5.712.52.70.2130.00.020.07.10.080
    Bomb Cyclone5.712.52.71.0008.30.010.07.11.000
    Other5.76.35.41.0000.011.80.00.01.000
    Dust Storm1.90.02.71.0000.05.90.00.01.000
    Cold/Warm Fronts1.96.30.00.3020.00.010.00.00.189
    • * = P < 0.05.

    • View popup
    Table 3.

    Types of Effects from Weather Disasters/Systems That Have Affected Respondents’ Practices (n = 53)

    Overall % (n = 53)Percent CareRegion
    1–49% (n = 16)50%+ (n = 37)Sig.Northeast (n = 12)South (n = 17)Midwest (n = 10)West (n = 14)Sig.
    Having to close for the day or longer79.275.081.10.71675.082.490.071.40.742
    Staff unable to make it into the clinic79.281.378.41.00066.788.270.085.70.417
    Increased number of cancellations or no shows75.587.570.30.29975.082.460.078.60.632
    Loss of internet54.743.859.50.37266.764.770.021.40.038*
    Loss of telephones50.937.556.80.24150.076.560.014.30.005*
    Loss of electrical power43.431.348.60.36650.070.640.07.10.003*
    Unable to get into parking lot/ building due to snow39.637.540.51.00050.017.660.042.90.115
    Uptick in patient calls/requests18.96.324.30.25016.729.520.07.10.469
    Seasonal scheduling difficulties18.96.324.30.25041.711.810.014.30.208
    Unable to get into parking lot/ building due to flooding13.225.08.10.1798.317.610.014.30.947
    Unable to get into parking lot/ building due to downed trees or power lines11.312.510.81.0008.317.620.00.00.316
    Patients get sicker7.50.010.80.3030.017.60.07.10.379
    Other7.56.38.11.0008.30.020.07.11.000
    Building was destroyed/damaged5.712.52.70.2130.05.910.07.10.878
    Patients have new or more complaints3.80.05.41.0000.05.910.00.00.679
    Loss of natural gas hookup0.00.00.01.0000.00.00.00.01.000
    • * = P < 0.05.

    • View popup
    Table 4.

    Diseases/Conditions Affected by Weather Events (n = 55)

    Overall % (n = 55)Percent CareRegion
    1–49% (n = 18)50%+ (n = 37)Sig.Northeast (n = 12)South (n = 17)Midwest (n = 10)West (n = 16)Sig.
    Respiratory94.594.494.61.00091.7100.090.093.80.533
    Mental Health81.888.978.40.47083.382.480.081.31.000
    Musculoskeletal50.950.051.41.00075.035.360.043.80.174
    Cardiovascular47.344.448.61.00050.052.950.037.50.847
    Other (e.g., stress, fatigue)45.544.445.91.00050.052.940.037.51.000
    Occupational Health32.738.929.70.55016.735.330.043.80.505
    Dermatological/Skin Disease30.927.832.41.00016.729.430.043.80.522
    Cognitive Health29.133.327.00.75425.041.220.025.00.655
    Infectious25.527.824.31.00025.035.310.025.00.589
    Endocrine, Metabolic20.022.218.91.00016.723.530.012.50.726
    Neurological16.416.716.21.00025.05.920.037.50.535
    Digestive9.122.22.70.035*50.052.940.037.50.925
    • * = P < 0.05.

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The Journal of the American Board of Family     Medicine: 37 (1)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 37, Issue 1
January-February 2024
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Investigating the Effect of Weather Events on Primary Care Clinicians Across the United States
Elisabeth F. Callen, Tarin L. Clay
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jan 2024, 37 (1) 95-104; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230128R2

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Investigating the Effect of Weather Events on Primary Care Clinicians Across the United States
Elisabeth F. Callen, Tarin L. Clay
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Jan 2024, 37 (1) 95-104; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230128R2
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