Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Hotspots of community program density and needs in Richmond, Virginia, by domain in the summer and fall of 2019.
- Appendix Figure 1.
Thematic maps of community need and community program location. Each black dot represents a community program that assists with the relevant domain. The lighter color represents a lower rate or prevalence of the particular measure of community need. The darker color represents a higher rate or prevalence of the particular measure of community need. The specific scale and the specific community need is noted within the box for each.
- Appendix Figure 2.
Sensitivity analysis of mental health.
- Appendix Figure 3.
Sensitivity analysis of unhealthy alcohol use.
- Appendix Figure 4.
Sensitivity analysis of nutrition.
- Appendix Figure 5.
Sensitivity analysis of physical activity.
- Appendix Figure 6.
Sensitivity analysis of finance.
- Appendix Figure 7.
Sensitivity analysis of housing.
- Appendix Figure 8.
Sensitivity analysis of food insecurity.
Tables
- Table 1.
Number of Community Programs Identified and Identified Community Needs in Richmond, Virginia, in the Summer and Fall of 2019
Domain Number of Programs Geolocated in Richmond Metric for Assessing Community Need by Census Tract* Mean Value (SD) of Need by Census Tract Mental health 47 Percent of adults reporting 14 days per month when mental health was not good 13.7% (3.7%) Smoking 11 Percent of adults who are past or current smokers 20.3% (6.7%) Unhealthy alcohol use 35 Percent of adults with ≥ 1 binge drinking episode in past month 17.2% (4.62%) Nutrition 56 Percent of adults with body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2 33.3% (8.98%) Physical activity 32 Percent of adults with no leisure time physical activity 26.7% (9.99%) Transportation 20 Percent of households with no vehicle available 10.6% (12.9%) Financial 121 Percent of residents below 100% poverty level 24.9% (16.8%) Housing 73 Percent of renter-occupied units with an eviction judgement annually 12.1% (8.33%) Food insecurity 67 Designated as a food desert 11 of 66 census tracts Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation. Notes: Some resources provided more than one service, so the total number of resources does not sum to 280.
↵* Data sources for community metrics include the American Community Survey for 2018 (financial, transportation),28 500 Cities Project data for 2018 (mental health, alcohol use, physical activity, obesity, smoking),29 Food Access Research Atlas (food insecurity),30 and the Eviction Lab (housing).31
- Table 2.
Percent of Census Tracts (n = 66) with a Community Program within One or One-Half Miles Radius from the Centroid in Richmond, Virginia, in the Summer and Fall of 2019
Domain 1-Mile Distance 0.5-Mile Distance Mental health 23 18 Smoking 5 5 Unhealthy alcohol use 17 14 Nutrition 25 21 Physical activity 16 13 Transportation 13 10 Financial 36 32 Housing 29 20 Food insecurity 33 29 - Table 3.
Binomial Regression Model to Identify Relationship Between Levels of Community Need and Density of Service Programs in Richmond, Virginia, in the Summer and Fall of 2019
Services Domain 1-Mile Distance from Centroid Relative Risk (95% CI) 0.5-Mile Distance from Centroid Relative Risk (95% CI) Mental health 1.22 (0.94 – 1.57) 1.17 (0.89 – 1.52) Smoking 1.12 (0.70 – 1.80) 1.08 (0.76 – 1.53) Unhealthy alcohol use 1.45 (0.99 – 2.13) 1.39 (0.94 – 2.06) Nutrition 0.97 (0.84 – 1.12) 0.91 (0.76 – 1.08) Physical Activity 0.97 (0.84 – 1.13) 0.95 (0.80 – 1.12) Transportation 1.02 (0.95 – 1.09) 1.03 (0.96 – 1.10) Financial 1.05 (1.02 – 1.08)* 1.06 (1.03 – 1.10)* Housing 0.87 (0.77 – 0.98)* 0.84 (0.70 – 1.00) Food insecurity 0.54 (0.18 – 1.56) 0.53 (0.16 – 1.71) Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval. Notes: (1) Adjusted for percent Black residents and life expectancy of census tract. (2) In the binomial regression model, there were no significant relationships between location of community programs and percent Black residents or life expectancy of census tracts.
↵* Bold shaded cells statistically significant (P value < 0.05).
