Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1.
Age-Standardized* Prevalence of Physician-Initiated Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing by Sociodemographic and Screening-Related Factors Among Men Aged 40 Years and Older Who Had the Test in the Past Year, National Health Interview Survey, 2000 and 2015
2000 2015 P value‡ N† % 95% CI N† % 95% CI (2015 vs 2000) Total 1642 72.3 69.0 75.4 2018 84.9 82.0–87.4 <.01 Age, crude estimates 40 to 54 years 462 66.1 60.7 71.1 380 83.2 78.2–87.2 <.01 55 to 69 years 707 76.2 72.4 79.7 1029 85.5 82.5–88.1 <.01 70+ years 473 85.4 81.2 88.7 609 89.3 85.2–92.4 .13 Race White 1375 72.9 69.3 76.2 1692 84.6 81.4–87.3 <.01 Black 189 72.7 64.3 79.7 243 87.3 79.0–92.7 <.01 Others 78 71.0§ 58.6 80.9 83 87.1 75.7–93.6 .03 Ethnicity Hispanic 132 60.9 51.0 70.0 140 85.2 75.3–91.5 <.01 Non-Hispanic 1510 73.0 69.5 76.2 1878 84.9 81.9–87.5 <.01 Region Northeast 325 76.8 71.0 81.8 346 81.7 72.6–88.3 .31 Midwest 379 67.5 61.4 73.1 441 86.3 79.2–91.2 <.01 West 634 74.0 67.6 79.4 745 86.0 82.1–89.2 <.01 South 304 70.5 63.0 77.0 486 83.8 76.6–89.1 .01 Born in United States Yes 1489 73.1 69.6 76.4 1792 85.7 82.6–88.3 <.01 No 146 62.1 53.1 70.2 224 81.7 73.9–87.5 <.01 Education Less than high school 273 63.0 53.9 71.3 184 88.8§ 74.2–95.6 <.01 High school graduate 431 74.7 67.6 80.6 483 83.4 75.3–89.2 .07 Some college 416 73.6 68.1 78.5 554 85.7 80.1–89.9 <.01 College graduate 510 69.3 64.1 74.1 794 84.3 79.9–88.0 <.01 Marital status Married or living with partner 1155 71.6 67.9 75.0 1339 85.2 82.0–88.0 <.01 Widowed, divorced, or separated 357 74.5 66.8 80.9 503 81.9 74.3–87.7 .13 Never married 126 75.9 66.4 83.3 174 81.1 70.1–88.7 .41 Currently employed No 822 79.2 71.4 85.3 1067 90.1 85.9–93.2 .01 Yes 820 69.7 65.4 73.7 949 84.0 80.0–87.3 <.01 Poverty threshold, % <200 339 80.0 70.1 87.2 378 87.8 81.8–92.0 .12 200 to 299 283 68.2 60.5 75.1 308 88.5 79.5–93.8 <.01 300 to 399 219 74.8 66.9 81.3 257 82.3 72.3–89.2 .19 400 to 499 189 70.8 62.9 77.7 229 82.4 73.3–88.8 .03 500 and more 612 69.8 64.8 74.4 846 84.5 80.0–88.1 <.01 Usual source of medical care Yes 1604 73.0 69.7 76.1 1971 85.0 82.0–87.5 <.01 No 38 41.9§ 27.4 58.0 46 81.8§ 63.3–92.1 <.01 Health insurance Uninsured/Medicaid 106 82.2§ 68.7 90.7 144 83.6 73.1–90.5 .85 Private/Military/Other 1531 71.9 68.5 75.1 1869 85.0 82.0–87.5 <.01 Number of doctor visits in the past year 1 242 71.3 63.8 77.7 298 73.1 64.7–80.1 .73 2 522 67.1 61.3 72.4 681 86.4 81.9–89.9 <.01 3+ 878 76.3 72.1 80.1 1039 89.4 85.8–92.2 <.01 Family history of prostate cancer No 1517 73.2 69.8 76.3 1806 87.1 84.6–89.2 <.01 Yes 125 64.8 55.7 72.9 212 68.6§ 56.9–78.2 .59 Cancer, excluding prostate and nonmelanoma skin No 1534 72.2 69.0 75.2 1820 85.0 82.0–87.5 <.01 Yes 106 75.0§ 58.8 86.3 197 83.2§ 67.1–92.3 .39 Comorbidity‖ None 1326 71.4 68.1 74.5 1608 84.9 81.8–87.6 <.01 1 disease 279 79.7 70.7 86.5 339 81.5§ 67.0–90.5 .80 2+ diseases 36 82.9§ 67.9 91.8 71 97.2 91.1–99.2 .02 Reported health status Excellent/very good 900 72.0 68.0 75.7 1093 83.8 79.8–87.1 <.01 Good/fair or poor 741 72.1 66.8 76.8 925 86.5 82.8–89.5 <.01 Had colorectal cancer screening Yes 805 72.6 68.7 76.3 426 83.4 78.3–87.5 <.01 No 824 70.7 65.3 75.6 1588 87.7 84.1–90.6 <.01 ↵* Results for all variables except age were age standardized to the age distribution of the 2000 standard population.
↵† Number may differ from 1646 for 2000 National Health Interview Survey and 2024 for 2015 NHIS because of “don't know,” refused, or missing responses.
↵‡ P value is calculated by t test from the contrast statement of PROC DESCRIPT procedure.
↵§ Estimates may not be reliable as the confidence interval half width ≥10.
↵‖ Number of the following comorbidities (none, 1, 2, and more diseases): hypertension, stroke, diabetes, chronic heart, kidney, liver, and lung diseases.
CI, confidential interval.
- Table 2.
Prevalence of Ever Discussed Both Advantages and Disadvantages of Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing Among Men Aged 40 Years and Older Who Had the Test Within the Past Year, National Health Interview Survey, 2015
Ever Discussed Advantages and Disadvantages* N† % 95% CI P value Total 1955 31.0 28.1–34.1 Who first suggested the PSA test .061 Patient or someone else 287 25.1 19.0–32.3 Physician 1668 32.0 28.9–35.4 40 to 54 years 373 28.2 22.1–35.2 Who first suggested the PSA test .771 Patient or someone else 74 26.2 14.6–42.5 Physician 299 28.6 21.8–36.5 55 to 69 years 1003 34.8 30.8–39.1 Who first suggested the PSA test .006 Patient or someone else 148 23.6 16.1–33.2 Physician 855 36.8 32.4–41.3 70+ years 579 26.0 21.8–30.6 Who first suggested the PSA test .830 Patient or someone else 65 27.3 16.0–42.6 Physician 514 25.8 21.3–30.8 PSA, prostate-specific antigen testing; CI, confidential interval.
↵* Status of “Ever discussed advantages and disadvantages” was assessed based on two survey questions: (1) Did a doctor ever talk with you about the advantages of the test?; and (2) Did a doctor ever talk with you about the disadvantages of the test.
↵† Number may differ from the total of 2024 because of “don't know,” refused, or missing responses.
