Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Screen shot of American Time Use Survey interview form.
Tables
Doing childbirth exercises Dressing a wound Taking vitamins Resting because of injury Giving oneself a shot Taking insulin Putting ice on injury Gargling for sore throat Resting because of illness Taking medicine Doing stress management exercises Meditating (not religious) Taking cough drops Bandaging ankle Giving oneself an injection Testing blood sugar level Applying ointment Changing oxygen Exercising or therapy for medical reasons The above items exclude health-related self-care, not elsewhere classified, code 010399, because the only activity example is “feeling sick.”
Source: American Time Use Survey Activity Lexicon: with activity examples–2003 (and the lexicons for 2004, 2005, and 2006). Washington, DC: Bureau of Labor Statistics. Available at: http://www.bls.gov/tus/lexicons.htm. Accessed 6 February 2009.
- Table 2.
American Time Use Survey (ATUS) Sample 2003 to 2007 and Respondents Who Reported Health-related Self-care, 2003 to 2007 and 2006 to 2007, by Selected Characteristics
Characteristic ATUS Sample, 2003 to 2007 (N = 64,310) Respondents Reporting Self-care* 2003–2007 (n = 4,267) 2006–2007 (n = 1,452)† Age (years) 25–44 28,168 (43.8) 665 (15.6) 209 (14.4) 45–64 23,683 (36.8) 1,738 (40.7) 578 (39.8) 65–74 6,719 (10.4) 873 (20.5) 313 (21.6) ≥75 5,740 (8.9) 991 (23.2) 352 (24.2) Sex Female 36,769 (57.2) 2,863 (67.1) 981 (67.6) Male 27,541 (42.8) 1,404 (32.9) 471 (32.4) Race/ethnicity White/non-Hispanic 46,676 (72.6) 2,995 (70.2) 983 (67.7) Black 7,706 (12.0) 807 (18.9) 295 (20.3) Hispanic 6,901 (10.7) 310 (7.3) 117 (8.1) Other 3,027 (4.7) 155 (3.6) 57 (3.9) Education Less than high school diploma 7,829 (12.2) 956 (22.4) 314 (21.6) High school graduate or equivalent (GED) 18,411 (28.6) 1,460 (34.2) 514 (35.4) Some college or associate degree 17,514 (27.2) 1,059 (24.8) 354 (24.4) College degree 12,990 (20.2) 493 (11.6) 172 (11.8) Advanced/professional degree 7,566 (11.8) 299 (7.0) 98 (6.7) Children None 35,518 (55.2) 3,371 (79.2) 1,138 (78.4) ≥1 28,792 (44.8) 896 (21.0) 314 (21.6) Employment status Employed 41,801 (65.0) 1,287 (30.2) 427 (29.4) Unemployed 1,620 (2.5) 60 (1.4) 16 (1.1) Not in labor force–retired 12,218 (19.0) 1,775 (41.6) 608 (41.9) Not in labor force–disabled 3,228 (5.0) 923 (21.6) 327 (22.5) Not in labor force–other 5,443 (8.5) 222 (5.2) 74 (5.1) Household income ($) <15,000 7,614 (11.8) 1,168 (27.4) 402 (27.7) 15,000–29,999 9,803 (15.2) 812 (19.0) 258 (17.8) 30,000–49,999 12,297 (19.1) 704 (16.5) 246 (16.9) 50,000–74,999 10,961 (17.0) 435 (10.2) 147 (10.1) 75,000–99,999 9,050 (14.1) 281 (6.6) 71 (4.9) ≥100,000 6,053 (9.4) 170 (4.0) 83 (5.7) Missing 8,532 (13.3) 697 (16.3) 245 (16.9) Marital status Married 37,877 (58.9) 1,831 (42.9) 577 (39.7) Single 26,433 (41.1) 2,436 (57.1) 875 (60.3) Self-reported health Excellent N/A N/A 101 (7.0) Very good 244 (16.8) Good 406 (28.0) Fair 378 (26.0) Poor 298 (20.5) Missing 25 (1.7) Body mass index <20 N/A N/A 44 (3.0) 20–29.9 808 (55.6) 30–34.9 274 (18.9) ≥35 254 (17.5) Missing 72 (5.0) Values presented as unweighted n (%). Percentages may not total to 100 because of rounding. N/A indicates data not available because self-reported health and body mass index were only collected in 2006 and 2007.
* When respondents reported 2 or more activities for the same time (ie, multi-tasking), only self-care activities designated as primary by the respondent are included by the ATUS.
† Excludes 5 respondents who reported self-care time but did not answer the eating and health module.
- Table 3.
Percent of US Population 25 Years and Older Who Reported Spending Time on Health-Related Self Care by Selected Characteristics, 2003 to 2007 and 2006 to 2007
Characteristic 2003–2007 2006–2007* Overall 6.6 6.4 By age (years) 25–44 2.6 2.4 45–64 7.2 7.1 65–74 12.2 11.7 ≥75 17.3 17.1 By self-rated health Excellent N/A 2.9 Very good N/A 3.5 Good N/A 6.2 Fair N/A 11.5 Poor N/A 27.5 Missing N/A 8.2 By body mass index <20 N/A 3.9 20–29.9 N/A 5.6 30–34.9 N/A 7.3 ≥35 N/A 12.4 Missing N/A 5.4 Weighted to represent the US civilian noninstitutionalized population aged 25 years and older. N/A indicated data not available because self-reported health and body mass index were only collected in 2006 and 2007. When respondents reported 2 or more activities for the same time (ie, multi-tasking), only self-care activities designated as primary by the respondent are included by the American Time Use Survey.
* Excludes 67 respondents who did not answer the eating and health module; 5 reported health-related self care.
- Table 4.
Odds of Engaging in Health-related Self-care from Multivariate Logistic Regression
Characteristic 2003–2007 2006–2007* Age (years) 25–44 Ref Ref 45–64 2.0 (1.7–2.3) 2.0 (1.6–2.6) 65–74 2.4 (2.0–2.9) 2.8 (2.0–3.8) ≥75 3.2 (2.6–3.9) 3.9 (2.7–5.8) Sex Female Ref Ref Male 0.74 (0.67–0.82) 0.75 (0.64–0.88) Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic Ref Ref Black 1.2 (1.1–1.4) 1.2 (0.99–1.5) Hispanic 0.64 (0.54–0.77) 0.55 (0.40–0.75) Other race 1.0 (0.81–1.3) 1.1 (0.73–1.7) Education Less than high school diploma Ref Ref High school graduate or equivalent 0.93 (0.82–1.0) 1.0 (0.83–1.3) Some college/associate degree 0.90 (0.79–1.0) 1.1 (0.88–1.4) College degree 0.66 (0.56–0.78) 0.77 (0.59–1.0) Advanced/professional degree 0.69 (0.58–0.83) 0.81 (0.56–1.2) Children None Ref Ref ≥1 0.77 (0.69–0.86) 0.72 (0.58–0.90) Employment status Employed Ref Ref Unemployed 0.93 (0.63–1.4) 0.55 (0.29–1.0) Not in labor force–retired 2.1 (1.9–2.5) 1.6 (1.2–2.0) Not in labor force–disabled 7.2 (6.2–8.4) 4.0 (3.1–5.3) Not in labor force–other 1.5 (1.2–1.8) 1.6 (1.2–2.1) Income <15,000 Ref Ref 15,000–29,999 0.85 (0.74–0.98) 0.83 (0.65–1.1) 30,000–49,999 0.85 (0.73–0.99) 1.1 (0.87–1.4) 50,000–74,999 0.76 (0.64–0.91) 0.91 (0.68–1.2) 75,000–99,999 0.77 (0.62–0.96) 1.1 (0.69–1.6) ≥100,000 0.68 (0.53–0.86) 0.94 (0.64–1.4) Missing 0.84 (0.73–0.96) 1.0 (0.79–1.3) Marital status Married Ref Ref Single 1.0 (0.93–1.1) 1.0 (0.88–1.2) Self-reported health Excellent N/A Ref Very good 1.0 (0.73–1.4) Good 1.5 (1.1–2.1) Fair 2.0 (1.4–2.8) Poor 3.7 (2.5–5.6) Missing 1.7 (0.90–3.21) Body mass index <20 N/A 0.68 (0.44–1.0) 20–29.9 Ref 30–34.9 1.3 (1.0–1.5) ≥35 1.7 (1.4–2.2) Missing 0.98 (0.67–1.4) Values presented as odds ratio (95% CI), weighted to represent the US civilian noninstitutionalized population aged 25 years and older. All independent variables were entered and tested simultaneously. Ref indicates reference group for the characteristic. N/A indicates data not available because self-reported health and body mass index were only collected in 2006 and 2007. The independent variables included age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, employment status, household income, marital status, and presence of children for 2003 to 2007; for 2006 to 2007, the independent variables also included body mass index and self-rated health.
* Excludes 67 respondents who did not answer the eating and health module; 5 reported health-related self care.
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