Article Figures & Data
Tables
Total Mothers Mothers with Significant Depressive Symptoms* Mothers without Significant Depressive Symptoms* P Total 217 71 (32.7) 146 (67.3) Maternal age (years) .0492 18–24 36 (16.6) 18 (50.0) 18 (50.0) 25–34 127 (58.5) 36 (28.3) 91 (71.7) 35+ 54 (24.9) 17 (31.5) 37 (68.5) Maternal race .0007 African American 65 (30.0) 32 (49.2) 33 (50.8) European American 152 (70.0) 39 (25.7) 113 (74.3) Maternal education .0326 <College level 115 (53.0) 45 (39.1) 70 (60.9) ≥College level 102 (47.0) 26 (25.5) 76 (74.5) Marital status .0030 Married 167 (77.0) 46 (27.5) 121 (72.5) Unmarried 50 (23.0) 25 (50.0) 25 (50.0) Poverty status .0027 At or below poverty 21 (9.7) 13 (61.9) 8 (38.1) Above poverty 196 (90.3) 58 (29.6) 138 (70.4) Data provided as n (%).
↵* Percentages refer to rows (values in rows add up to 100%).
- Table 2.
Cross-Sectional Associations of Significant Depressive Symptoms at 4-Months Postpartum with Infant and Maternal Health-Related Quality Of Life*
Infant Health-Related Quality of Life Maternal Health-Related Quality of Life Pain or Discomfort (n = 186) Mothers’ Health-Related Concerns (n = 185) MCS (n = 203) PCS (n = 203) Depressive symptoms 0.21 (0.085)† 0.16 (0.046)‡ −6.28 (0.959)‡ −1.26 (0.825) Covariates Age (years) 18–24 −0.16 (0.154) −0.15 (0.083) −1.76 (1.703) 2.05 (1.465) 25–34 0.07 (0.088) −0.03 (0.048) 0.46 (1.006) 1.66 (0.866) Maternal race African American −0.29 (0.105)§ −0.11 (0.057) 0.21 (1.162) −0.29 (1.000) Maternal education ≥College −0.10 (0.083) −0.07 (0.045) 0.67 (0.956) 0.66 (0.823) Marital status Married 0.19 (0.124) 0.02 (0.067) −0.86 (1.455) 4.05 (1.252)§ Poverty status At/below poverty 0.24 (0.182) 0.01 (0.098) −0.35 (2.035) 1.40 (1.751) All data provided as β (SE).
↵* Reference groups in the models are women aged 35+, European American, less than college education, unmarried, and above poverty. Models for children also control for child sex and birth weight.
↵† P ≤ .05.
↵‡ P ≤ .001.
↵§ P ≤ .01.
MCS, Mental component summary from the 12-item Short Form; PCS, physical component summary from the 12-item Short Form.
- Table 3.
Longitudinal Effects of Significant Depressive Symptoms at 4 Months Postpartum on Infant and Maternal Health-Related Quality of Life at 8, 12, and 16 Months Postpartum (Adjusted)*
Infant Health-Related Quality of Life Maternal Health-Related Quality of Life Pain/Discomfort (n = 203) Health-Related Concerns (n = 203) MCS (n = 202) PCS (n = 202) Depressive symptoms 0.24 (0.080)† 0.14 (0.042)† −1.20 (0.045) −1.19 (0.699) Covariates Age (years) 18–24 −0.09 (0.141) −0.10 (0.075) −1.53 (1.415) 1.11 (1.233) 25–34 0.08 (0.085) −0.01 (0.045) 0.22 (0.856) 0.69 (0.748) Maternal race African American −0.26 (0.101)‡ −0.12 (0.053)‡ −0.51 (0.975) 0.29 (0.850) Maternal education ≥College 0.00 (0.080) −0.06 (0.042) 0.88 (0.802) 0.06 (0.702) Marital status Married 0.13 (0.114) 0.02 (0.060) −0.85 (1.162) 3.22 (1.007)† Poverty status At/below poverty 0.14 (0.164) −0.02 (0.086) −1.00 (1.672) 2.80 (1.441) Baseline 0.22 (0.056)§ 0.25 (0.050)§ 0.51 (0.057)§ 0.33 (0.053)§ All data provided as β (SE).
↵* Reference groups in the models are women aged 35+ years, European American, less than college education, unmarried, and above poverty. All models control for the effects of time and earlier assessments of health-related quality of life. Models for children also control for child sex and birth weight.
↵† P ≤ .01.
↵‡ P ≤ .05.
↵§ P ≤ .001.
MCS, Mental component summary from the 12-item Short Form; PCS, physical component summary from the 12-item Short Form.
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