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Brief ReportBrief Report

Valproate-associated Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy

Jim Wadzinski, Ronald Franks, David Roane and Max Bayard
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine September 2007, 20 (5) 499-502; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2007.05.070062
Jim Wadzinski
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Ronald Franks
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David Roane
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Max Bayard
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References

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    Gerstner T, Buesing D, Longin E, et al. Valproic acid induced encephalopathy–19 new cases in Germany from 1994 to 2003–a side effect associated to VPA-therapy not only in young children. Seizure 2006; 15: 443–8.
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    Marescaux C, Warter JM, Micheletti G, Rumbach L, Coquillat G, Kurtz D. Stuporous episodes during treatment with sodium valproate: report of seven cases. Epilepsia 1982; 23: 297–305.
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    Triggs WJ, Gilmore RL, Millington DS, Cibula J, Bunch TS, Harman E. Valproate-associated carnitine deficiency and malignant cerebral edema in the absence of hepatic failure. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1997; 35: 353–6.
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    Murphy JV, Marquardt K. Asymptomatic hyperammonemia in patients receiving valproic acid. Arch Neurol 1982; 39: 591–2.
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    Hamer HM, Knake S, Schomburg U, Rosenow F. Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy in the presence of topiramate. Neurology 2000; 54: 230–2.
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    Laub MC, Paetzke-Brunner I, Jaeger G. Serum carnitine during valproic acid therapy. Epilepsia 1986; 27: 559–62.
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    Ohtani Y, Endo F, Matsuda I. Carnitine deficiency and hyperammonemia associated with valproic acid therapy. J Pediatr 1982; 101: 782–5.
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    Raskind JY, El-Chaar GM. The role of carnitine supplementation during valproic acid therapy. Ann Pharmacother 2000; 34: 630–8.
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    Bohan TP, Helton E, McDonald I, et al. Effect of L-carnitine treatment for valproate-induced hepatotoxicity. Neurology 2001; 56: 1405–9.
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    Bohles H, Sewell AC, Wenzel D. The effect of carnitine supplementation in valproate-induced hyperammonaemia. Acta Paediatr 1996; 85: 446–9.
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    LoVecchio F, Shriki J, Samaddar R. L-carnitine was safely administered in the setting of valproate toxicity. Am J Emerg Med 2005; 23: 321–2.
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    Verrotti A, Trotta D, Morgese G, Chiarelli F. Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy. Metab Brain Dis 2002; 17: 367–73.
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    Camina MF, Rozas I, Castro-Gago M, Paz JM, Alonso C, Rodriguez-Segade S. Alteration of renal carnitine metabolism by anticonvulsant treatment. Neurology 1991; 41: 1444–8.
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    Coude FX, Grimber G, Parvy P, Rabier D, Petit F. Inhibition of ureagenesis by valproate in rat hepatocytes. Role of N-acetylglutamate and acetyl-CoA. Biochem J 1983; 216: 233–6.
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    Oechsner M, Steen C, Sturenburg HJ, Kohlschutter A. Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy after initiation of valproate therapy in unrecognised ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998; 64: 680–2.
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    Vossler DG, Wilensky AJ, Cawthon DF, et al. Serum and CSF glutamine levels in valproate-related hyperammonemic encephalopathy. Epilepsia 2002; 43: 154–9.
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    Brusilow SW, Maestri NE. Urea cycle disorders: diagnosis, pathophysiology, and therapy. Adv Pediatr 1996; 43: 127–70.
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The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine: 20 (5)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 20, Issue 5
September-October 2007
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Valproate-associated Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy
Jim Wadzinski, Ronald Franks, David Roane, Max Bayard
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Sep 2007, 20 (5) 499-502; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2007.05.070062

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Valproate-associated Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy
Jim Wadzinski, Ronald Franks, David Roane, Max Bayard
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Sep 2007, 20 (5) 499-502; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2007.05.070062
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