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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Effects of Using Free Sample Medications on the Prescribing Practices of Family Physicians

Barbalee Symm, Michael Averitt, Samuel N. Forjuoh and Cheryl Preece
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine September 2006, 19 (5) 443-449; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.19.5.443
Barbalee Symm
PhD, RN
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Michael Averitt
DO
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Samuel N. Forjuoh
MD, DrPH
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Cheryl Preece
MS, MPH
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Article Figures & Data

Tables

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    Table 1.

    Study Medications (Selected from Clinic X 2003 Sample Medications Log)*

    Name Brand MedicationFormulary StatusGeneral Pharmacy Index 4 Category
    AciphexB tier brandProton pump inhibitors
    ActonelB tier brand—maintenance benefitCalcium regulators
    AllegraB tier brandAntihistamine-non-sedating
    AmarylB tier brand—maintenance benefitSulfonylureas
    AugmentinB tier brandPenicillin combinations
    AvandiaC tier non-preferredInsulin-sensitizing agents
    AveloxC tier non-preferredFluoroquinolones
    ClarinexNot listedAntihistamine-non-sedating
    CozaarB tier brand—maintenance benefitAngiotensin II receptor antagonists
    Detrol LaC tier non-preferredUrinary antispasmodics
    Ditropan XlNot listedUrinary antispasmodics
    ElidelNot listedImmunomodulating agents—dermatitis
    ImitrexB tier brandSerotonin agonists
    LexaproUnlistedSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
    MaxaltB tier brandSerotonin agonists
    NasacortB tier brandNasal steroids
    NexiumNot listedProton pump inhibitors
    OxytrolNot listedUrinary antispasmodics
    PaxilB tier brandSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
    ProtonixB tier brandProton pump inhibitors
    Toprol XlB tier brand—maintenance benefitBeta blockers cardioselective
    ValtrexC tier non-preferredHerpes agents
    VioxxC tier non-preferredNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
    WellbutrinUnlisted (SR is listed)Miscellaneous antidepressants
    ZocorB tier brand—maintenance benefitHMG CoA reductase inhibitors
    • * Formulary Scott & White Health Plan (SWHP) preference in descending order: (1) A tier = non-name brand generic; (2) B tier—maintenance benefit = specific name brand with quantity discounts for SWHP pharmacies; (3) B tier = specific name brand; (4) C tier = non-preferred name brand; (5) unlisted.

    • View popup
    Table 2.

    Prescriptions for Non-study and Study Medications by Clinic*

    ClinicTotal PrescriptionsNon-study MedicationsStudy Medications
    No.%No.%
    X†50,84943,75086.0709914.0
    Y50,68644,64288.1604411.9
    Z42,90737,18086.7572713.4
    Total144,442125,57286.918,87013.1
    • * P < .0001 using χ2 test.

    • † Significantly different from the rest in proportions of prescriptions for study medications.

    • View popup
    Table 3.

    Prescriptions by Formulary Status of Medication and Clinic*

    ClinicTotal PrescriptionsPreferred Name BrandNon-preferred Name BrandNot Included in Formulary
    No.%No.%No.%
    X†70996,24688.05297.53244.6
    Y60445,35988.73806.33055.1
    Z57275,05688.34828.41893.3
    Total18,87016,66188.21,3917.48184.3
    • * P < .0001 using χ2 test.

    • † Significantly different from the rest in prescriptions for preferred name brand medications.

    • View popup
    Table 4.

    Average Cost of 30-Day Prescription by Clinic*

    ClinicNo. of PhysiciansMeanSDMinMax
    X†8$47.57$4.32$41.83$56.67
    Y8$39.49$2.49$34.92$42.04
    Z7$41.48$1.94$38.17$43.97
    • * P < .0001 using ANOVA.

    • † Significantly different from the rest in average cost of 30-day prescription.

    • View popup
    Table 5.

    Total Prescription Costs of Study Medications by Formulary Status and Clinic*

    ClinicTotal PrescriptionsPreferred Name BrandNon-preferred Name BrandNot Included in Formulary
    Costs%Costs%Costs%
    X†$711,482$621,58987.4$54,5477.7$35,3455.0
    Y$646,885$584,27290.3$34,1105.3$28,5044.4
    Z$536,118$471,84888.0$44,7248.3$19,5463.7
    Total$1,894,485$1,677,70988.5$133,3817.0$83,3954.4
    • * P < .0001 using χ2 test.

    • † Significantly different from the rest in total costs for unlisted formulary medications.

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The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine: 19 (5)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 19, Issue 5
September-October 2006
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Effects of Using Free Sample Medications on the Prescribing Practices of Family Physicians
Barbalee Symm, Michael Averitt, Samuel N. Forjuoh, Cheryl Preece
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Sep 2006, 19 (5) 443-449; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.19.5.443

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Effects of Using Free Sample Medications on the Prescribing Practices of Family Physicians
Barbalee Symm, Michael Averitt, Samuel N. Forjuoh, Cheryl Preece
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Sep 2006, 19 (5) 443-449; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.19.5.443
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