Article Figures & Data
Tables
Clinics Included in the Survey (n = 191) Clinic Characteristics Number of Clinics Clinics Included in the Analysis (n = 148) 3–10 physicians 116 (60%)* 80 (69%)** 11–20 physicians 44 (23%) 38 (86%) >21 physicians 31 (16%) 30 (97%) Rural 69 (36%) 60 (87%) Urban 122 (64%) 88 (72%) Single specialty 87 (46%) 63 (72%) Multispecialty 104 (54%) 85 (82%) Physician-owned 53 (28%) 45 (85%) System-owned 138 (72%) 103 (75%) * Percentage of total number of clinics.
** Clinic return rate based on clinic characteristics.
Size Ownership Location Specialty 3–10 (n = 80) 11–20 (n = 38) >21 (n = 30) System (n = 103) Physician (n = 45) Rural (n = 60) Urban (n = 88) Single (n = 63) Multi (n = 85) Collegiality 3.21 ± 0.4* 3.12 ± 0.25 3.03 ± 0.42 3.1 ± 0.37 3.27 ± 0.37** 3.11 ± 0.42 3.18 ± 0.35 3.25 ± 0.39* 3.08 ± 0.35 Information Emphasis 2.18 ± 0.47 2.31 ± 0.54 2.23 ± 0.43 2.26 ± 0.5 2.15 ± 0.42 2.14 ± 0.42 3.18 ± 0.35 2.33 ± 0.39 2.22 ± 0.51 Quality Emphasis 2.72 ± 0.44* 2.51 ± 0.4 2.45 ± 0.44 3.1 ± 0.37** 2.72 ± 0.5 2.54 ± 0.44 2.28 ± 0.52 2.76 ± 0.47* 2.5 ± 0.39 Organizational Identity 2.68 ± 0.48** 2.54 ± 0.45 2.48 ± 0.46 2.45 ± 0.42 2.95 ± 0.4* 2.57 ± 0.47 2.63 ± 0.47 2.7 ± 0.49** 2.53 ± 0.44 Cohesiveness 2.8 ± 0.34* 2.62 ± 0.28 2.57 ± 0.29 2.68 ± 0.33 2.77 ± 0.32 2.6 ± 0.29 2.77 ± 0.34* 2.53 ± 0.44 2.63 ± 0.29* Business Emphasis 2.72 ± 0.47** 2.92 ± 0.37 2.78 ± 0.49 2.82 ± 0.42 2.69 ± 0.52 2.77 ± 0.42 2.79 ± 0.48 2.69 ± 0.54 2.85 ± 0.37** Organizational Trust 3.04 ± 0.56* 2.76 ± 0.44 2.82 ± 0.42 2.8 ± 0.48 3.18 ± 0.5* 2.83 ± 0.5 2.98 ± 0.52 3.02 ± 0.59** 2.84 ± 0.45 Innovativeness 2.32 ± 0.43 2.31 ± 0.43 2.16 ± 0.38 2.26 ± 0.42 2.35 ± 0.43 2.21 ± 0.47 2.33 ± 0.38 2.34 ± 0.44 2.24 ± 0.41 Autonomy 2.8 ± 0.39 2.67 ± 0.43 2.67 ± 0.43 2.69 ± 0.4 2.93 ± 0.31* 2.79 ± 0.39 2.75 ± 0.39 2.75 ± 0.42 2.77 ± 0.37 * p < .01
** p < 0.05
Clinic Size Ownership Location Specialty Collegiality Decreases as size increases Decreases with system ownership ND Decreases with multi-specialty Information Emphasis ND ND ND ND Quality Emphasis Decreases as size increases Decreases with physician ownership ND Decreases with multi-specialty Organizational Identity Decreases as size increases Decreases with system ownership ND Decreases with multi-specialty Cohesiveness Decreases as size increases ND Decreases with rural clinics Decreases with single specialty Business Emphasis ND ND ND Decreases with single specialty Organizational Trust Decreases as size increases Decreases with system ownership No difference Decreases with multi-specialty Innovativeness ND ND ND ND Autonomy ND Decreases with system ownership ND ND ND, no difference.