Assessing the Cultures of Medical Group Practices

Article Figures & Data

Table 1.

Description of Clinics Included in Study

Clinics Included in the Survey (n = 191)
Clinic Characteristics	Number of Clinics	Clinics Included in the Analysis (n = 148)
3–10 physicians	116 (60%)^*	80 (69%)^**
11–20 physicians	44 (23%)	38 (86%)
>21 physicians	31 (16%)	30 (97%)
Rural	69 (36%)	60 (87%)
Urban	122 (64%)	88 (72%)
Single specialty	87 (46%)	63 (72%)
Multispecialty	104 (54%)	85 (82%)
Physician-owned	53 (28%)	45 (85%)
System-owned	138 (72%)	103 (75%)

Table 2.

Group Means According to Size, Ownership, Location, and Specialty

	Size			Ownership		Location		Specialty
	3–10 (n = 80)	11–20 (n = 38)	>21 (n = 30)	System (n = 103)	Physician (n = 45)	Rural (n = 60)	Urban (n = 88)	Single (n = 63)	Multi (n = 85)
Collegiality	3.21 ± 0.4^*	3.12 ± 0.25	3.03 ± 0.42	3.1 ± 0.37	3.27 ± 0.37^**	3.11 ± 0.42	3.18 ± 0.35	3.25 ± 0.39^*	3.08 ± 0.35
Information Emphasis	2.18 ± 0.47	2.31 ± 0.54	2.23 ± 0.43	2.26 ± 0.5	2.15 ± 0.42	2.14 ± 0.42	3.18 ± 0.35	2.33 ± 0.39	2.22 ± 0.51
Quality Emphasis	2.72 ± 0.44^*	2.51 ± 0.4	2.45 ± 0.44	3.1 ± 0.37^**	2.72 ± 0.5	2.54 ± 0.44	2.28 ± 0.52	2.76 ± 0.47^*	2.5 ± 0.39
Organizational Identity	2.68 ± 0.48^**	2.54 ± 0.45	2.48 ± 0.46	2.45 ± 0.42	2.95 ± 0.4^*	2.57 ± 0.47	2.63 ± 0.47	2.7 ± 0.49^**	2.53 ± 0.44
Cohesiveness	2.8 ± 0.34^*	2.62 ± 0.28	2.57 ± 0.29	2.68 ± 0.33	2.77 ± 0.32	2.6 ± 0.29	2.77 ± 0.34^*	2.53 ± 0.44	2.63 ± 0.29^*
Business Emphasis	2.72 ± 0.47^**	2.92 ± 0.37	2.78 ± 0.49	2.82 ± 0.42	2.69 ± 0.52	2.77 ± 0.42	2.79 ± 0.48	2.69 ± 0.54	2.85 ± 0.37^**
Organizational Trust	3.04 ± 0.56^*	2.76 ± 0.44	2.82 ± 0.42	2.8 ± 0.48	3.18 ± 0.5^*	2.83 ± 0.5	2.98 ± 0.52	3.02 ± 0.59^**	2.84 ± 0.45
Innovativeness	2.32 ± 0.43	2.31 ± 0.43	2.16 ± 0.38	2.26 ± 0.42	2.35 ± 0.43	2.21 ± 0.47	2.33 ± 0.38	2.34 ± 0.44	2.24 ± 0.41
Autonomy	2.8 ± 0.39	2.67 ± 0.43	2.67 ± 0.43	2.69 ± 0.4	2.93 ± 0.31^*	2.79 ± 0.39	2.75 ± 0.39	2.75 ± 0.42	2.77 ± 0.37

Table 3.

Clinic Means and Culture Dimensions

	Clinic Size	Ownership	Location	Specialty
Collegiality	Decreases as size increases	Decreases with system ownership	ND	Decreases with multi-specialty
Information Emphasis	ND	ND	ND	ND
Quality Emphasis	Decreases as size increases	Decreases with physician ownership	ND	Decreases with multi-specialty
Organizational Identity	Decreases as size increases	Decreases with system ownership	ND	Decreases with multi-specialty
Cohesiveness	Decreases as size increases	ND	Decreases with rural clinics	Decreases with single specialty
Business Emphasis	ND	ND	ND	Decreases with single specialty
Organizational Trust	Decreases as size increases	Decreases with system ownership	No difference	Decreases with multi-specialty
Innovativeness	ND	ND	ND	ND
Autonomy	ND	Decreases with system ownership	ND	ND