Aims: Important risk factors for the progression from impaired glucose tolerance to type II diabetes mellitus are obesity, diet and physical inactivity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of a lifestyle-intervention programme on glucose tolerance in Dutch subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
Methods: A total of 102 subjects were studied, randomised into two groups. Subjects in the intervention group received regular dietary advice, and were stimulated to lose weight and to increase their physical activity. The control group received only brief information about the beneficial effects of a healthy diet and increased physical activity. Before and after the first year, glucose tolerance was measured and several other measurements were done.
Results: Body weight loss after 1 y was higher in the intervention group. The 2-h blood glucose concentration decreased 0.8+/-0.3 mmol/l in the intervention group and increased 0.2+/-0.3 mmol/l in the control group (P<0.05). Body weight loss and increased physical fitness were the most important determinants of improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity.
Conclusion: A lifestyle-intervention programme according to general recommendations is effective and induces beneficial changes in lifestyle, which improve glucose tolerance in subjects with IGT. Body weight loss and increased physical fitness were the most important determinants of improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity.