Abstract
Opioid medications are increasingly used to treat chronic pain. Opioid-associated respiratory depression, and their potential to cause nocturnal apneas, is increasingly recognized as a major contributor to nocturnal hypoxemia and sleep-disordered breathing. Given the widespread use of opioids, understanding their mechanism of action and their potential to cause adverse effects particularly during sleep is critical. This article reviews the salient features of the physiologic control of respiration and sleep, and the role opioids play in altering that regulation. Additionally, we summarize the evidence regarding the association between opioid use and sleep-disordered breathing and explore treatment modalities for opioid-associated nocturnal respiratory depression and apneas.
Keywords: Opioids, sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea, central sleep apnea, control of breathing, apnea, non-mailgnant, retrotrapezoid, escalation, synergistic, orphanin, hypoxia, hypercarbia, enkephalins, hydromorphone, methadone, narcotics, adenotonsillectomy, dexmedetomidine
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Opioids, Sleep, and Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Volume: 17 Issue: 15
Author(s): Moshe Zutler and Jon-Erik C. Holty
Affiliation:
Keywords: Opioids, sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea, central sleep apnea, control of breathing, apnea, non-mailgnant, retrotrapezoid, escalation, synergistic, orphanin, hypoxia, hypercarbia, enkephalins, hydromorphone, methadone, narcotics, adenotonsillectomy, dexmedetomidine
Abstract: Opioid medications are increasingly used to treat chronic pain. Opioid-associated respiratory depression, and their potential to cause nocturnal apneas, is increasingly recognized as a major contributor to nocturnal hypoxemia and sleep-disordered breathing. Given the widespread use of opioids, understanding their mechanism of action and their potential to cause adverse effects particularly during sleep is critical. This article reviews the salient features of the physiologic control of respiration and sleep, and the role opioids play in altering that regulation. Additionally, we summarize the evidence regarding the association between opioid use and sleep-disordered breathing and explore treatment modalities for opioid-associated nocturnal respiratory depression and apneas.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zutler Moshe and C. Holty Jon-Erik, Opioids, Sleep, and Sleep-Disordered Breathing, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2011; 17 (15) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211796197070
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211796197070 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients with Renal Insufficiency
Current Cardiology Reviews Pathogenesis and Management of Hypertension after Kidney Transplantation
Current Hypertension Reviews Pharmacogenetically Tailored Treatments for Heart Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Angiotensin II-Vasopressin Interactions in The Regulation of Cardiovascular Functions. Evidence for an Impaired Hormonal Sympathetic Reflex in Hypertension and Congestive Heart Failure
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Biological Activities, Mechanisms of Action and Biomedical Prospect of the Antitumor Ether Phospholipid ET-18-OCH3 (Edelfosine), A Proapoptotic Agent in Tumor Cells
Current Drug Metabolism Cytoskeleton-Anchoring of Conformational Mutant-Like p53, but Not Shorter Isoforms p53β and p47 (ΔN40p53) in Senescent Human Fibroblasts
Current Aging Science Somatic Drugs for Psychiatric Diseases: Aspirin or Simvastatin for Depression?
Current Neuropharmacology Toxic Effects of Palladium Compounds on the Isolated Rat Heart
Medicinal Chemistry Antimicrobial Peptides with pH-Dependent Activity and Alkaline Optima: Their Origins, Mechanisms of Action and Potential Applications
Current Protein & Peptide Science Therapeutic Potential of Neuregulin in Cardiovascular System: Can we Ignore the Effects of Neuregulin on Electrophysiology?
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry CTLA-4Ig: Uses and Future Directions
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery The Pathophysiology of Uric Acid in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews Atrial Fibrillation and Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias: Advancements for Better Outcomes
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Retinoic Acid Metabolism and Mechanism of Action: A Review
Current Drug Metabolism Biologicals Dramatic Advances in the Treatment of Psoriasis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Combretastatin A-4 Analogs as Anticancer Agents
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Platelets and Atherothrombosis: Causes, Targets and Treatments for Thrombosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry Post-Wortmannin Era: Novel Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Inhibitors with Potential Therapeutic Applications
Current Enzyme Inhibition Glucose Tolerance: Hypothesis Testing on Malaysian Diabetic Community
Current Diabetes Reviews Double-Faced Role of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and their Role/Challenges in Cancer Therapy
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy