Complications of interval laparoscopic tubal sterilization: findings from the United States collaborative review of sterilization☆
Section snippets
Materials and methods
The methods of the United States Collaborative Review of Sterilization were reported.5 Eligible women were 18–44 years old who were scheduled for tubal sterilizations in 15 participating institutions in nine cities from 1978 to 1987. Trained interviewers attempted to contact all eligible women to request participation. Approval for this study was granted by the institutional review board at each institution and participants signed informed consent forms. Among 12,138 women enrolled, the current
Results
Most participants were white and 25 to 34 years old. Thirty-four percent were black. Nearly 80% had at least high school educations (Table 1) and only 3.5% were nulliparous.
One hundred fifty-three women had at least one standard complication. Unintended major surgery was the most frequent (Table 2). When unintended surgery was restricted to true laparoscopic complications (n = 14), rehospitalization became the most frequent complication. Six women had more than one complication, with unintended
Discussion
Our results suggest that interval laparoscopic tubal sterilization generally is a safe procedure with rates of intraoperative or postoperative complications of less than one to two per 100 procedures. There was only one life-threatening event and there were no deaths among 9475 interval laparoscopic tubal sterilizations.
The most frequent complication was unintended surgery, which accounted for more than half of standard complications reported. However, some conversions to laparotomy represent
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Cited by (0)
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Supported by an interagency agreement (3-Y02-HD41075-10) with the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
- 1
The U.S. Collaborative Review of Sterilization Working Group: Design, Coordination, and Analysis Center: Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. Principal Investigator: Herbert B. Peterson, MD; Project Officer: Joyce M. Hughes; Project Associates: Zhisen Xia, PhD, Lynne S. Wilcox, MD, Lisa Ratliff Tylor; Project Consultant: James Trussell, PhD; Data Collection Centers Project Directors: Norman G. Courey, MD, CM, State University of New York at Buffalo, Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo, New York; Philip D. Darney, MD, MSc, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Ernst R. Friedrich, MD, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Ralph W. Hale, MD, Roy T. Nakayama, MD, Kapiolani Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii; Jaroslav F. Hulka, MD, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Alfred N. Poindexter, MD, Baylor College of Medicine; George M. Ryan, MD, Edwin M. Thorpe, MD, University of Tennessee School of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee; Gary K. Stewart, MD (deceased), Planned Parenthood of Sacramento, Sacramento, California; Howard A. Zacur, MD, Lucas Blanco, MD, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.