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A Review of Primary Care-Based Childhood Obesity Prevention and Treatment Interventions

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Abstract

Effective obesity prevention and treatment interventions targeting children and their families are needed to help curb the obesity epidemic. Pediatric primary care is a promising setting for these interventions, and a growing number of studies are set in this context. This review aims to identify randomized controlled trials of pediatric primary care-based obesity interventions. A literature search of 3 databases retrieved 2947 publications, of which 2899 publications were excluded after abstract (n = 2722) and full-text review (n = 177). Forty-eight publications, representing 31 studies, were included in the review. Eight studies demonstrated a significant intervention effect on child weight outcomes (e.g., BMI z-score, weight-for-length percentile). Effective interventions were mainly treatment interventions, and tended to focus on multiple behaviors, contain weight management components, and include monitoring of weight-related behaviors (e.g., dietary intake, physical activity, or sedentary behaviors). Overall, results demonstrate modest support for the efficacy of obesity treatment interventions set in primary care.

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Acknowledgments

The project was supported by Grant Numbers 1R01DK084475 (PI: Sherwood), P30DK050456 (PI: Levine), and P30DK092924 (PI: Schmittdiel) from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

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Conflict of Interest

Elisabeth M. Seburg, Barbara A. Olson-Bullis, Dani M. Bredeson, Marcia G. Hayes, and Nancy E. Sherwood declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Correspondence to Elisabeth M. Seburg.

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Seburg, E.M., Olson-Bullis, B.A., Bredeson, D.M. et al. A Review of Primary Care-Based Childhood Obesity Prevention and Treatment Interventions. Curr Obes Rep 4, 157–173 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-015-0160-0

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