Table 4.

Association Between Patient Portal Use and Incident Blood Pressure Control Adjusting for Each Covariate in a Cohort of Adult Primary Care Patients with Treated Hypertension and Uncontrolled Blood Pressure at Baseline (N = 1571)

Model^*	Portal Activity, HR (95% CI)^{^†}
Base model (portal activity)	1.24 (1.06–1.45)
Base + race	1.13 (0.96–1.33)
Base + sex	1.14 (1.02–1.27)
Base + marital status	1.22 (1.04–1.43)
Base + SES index	1.16 (0.99–1.36)
Base + clinic type^{^‡}	1.13 (0.99–1.28)
Base + utilization	1.11 (0.95–1.30)
Base + smoking	1.24 (1.05–1.45)
Base + depression	1.23 (1.05–1.44)
Base + obesity	1.24 (1.06–1.45)
Base + comorbidity index	1.24 (1.06–1.46)
Base + race + gender + marital status + SES index + clinic type + utilization	0.98 (0.83–1.16)
Base + smoking + depression + obesity + comorbidity index	1.22 (1.04–1.44)
Base + all covariates	0.97 (0.82–1.15)

↵* All models are adjusted for age: age + age (squared) + age (cubed).
↵† All hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.
↵‡ Clinic types included general internal medicine and family medicine.
SES, socioeconomic status.