Appendix Table 3.

Health and Social Outcomes by Intervention Assignment Among Mutually Exclusive Client Subgroups Below the Federal Poverty Line (Model 2) with P Values and the P Values Adjusted for False Discovery Rates

	Involved in the Justice System (n = 158)						Homeless, Not Involved in the Justice System (n = 298)						Other Poor (n = 294)
	RS	CEP	CEP vs. RS, Test (95% CI)	P	P_FDR	ES	RS	CEP	CEP vs. RS, Test (95% CI)	P	P_FDR	ES	RS	CEP	CEP vs. RS, Test (95% CI)	P	P_FDR	ES
Poor MHQOL (%)			OR						OR						OR
6-Month follow-up	50.1 (5.3)	38.0 (5.7)	0.6 (0.3–1.2)	.144	.252	0.24	55.6 (5.8)	49.4 (4.8)	0.8 (0.4–1.5)	.424	.594	0.12	47.9 (4.4)	47.6 (3.7)	1.0 (0.6–1.5)	.965	.977	0.00
12-Month follow-up	50.6 (8.0)	40.9 (7.9)	0.7 (0.3–1.8)	.392	.846	0.19	55.3 (4.4)	48.1 (4.6)	0.7 (0.5–1.2)	.223	.519	0.14	50.2 (4.8)	45.8 (5.4)	0.8 (0.5–1.4)	.501	.911	0.09
PHQ-8 standard score (mean)			Difference						Difference						Difference
6-Month follow-up	13.0 (1.0)	13.0 (0.9)	0.0 (−2.9, 2.9)	.997	.997	0.00	13.7 (0.6)	12.8 (0.7)	−0.9 (−2.7, 1.0)	.347	.594	0.13	12.5 (0.8)	12.5 (0.7)	0.0 (−2.5, 2.4)	.977	.977	0.00
12-Month follow-up	11.8 (0.9)	11.5 (1.2)	−0.3 (−2.6, 2.1)	.809	.883	0.04	12.7 (0.6)	12.1 (0.6)	−0.6 (−2.2, 1.0)	.434	.555	0.09	12.5 (0.8)	12.6 (0.6)	0.0 (−1.9, 1.9)	.978	.978	0.00
Mental wellness (%)			OR						OR						OR
6-Month follow-up	31.0 (6.4)	50.8 (6.7)	2.5 (0.9–6.9)	.080	.187	0.41	33.4 (4.7)	40.3 (4.2)	1.4 (0.7–2.7)	.340	.594	0.14	29.6 (4.1)	45.7 (4.3)	2.1 (1.2–3.7)	.009	.062	0.33
12-Month follow-up	51.8 (8.3)	58.4 (6.8)	1.3 (0.4–4.1)	.589	.846	0.13	40.1 (5.0)	48.9 (6.1)	1.5 (0.7–3.0)	.304	.531	0.18	46.1 (5.5)	43.0 (4.5)	0.9 (0.5–1.6)	.651	.911	0.06
Good physical health (%)
6-Month follow-up	74.2 (5.5)	79.8 (5.5)	1.4 (0.6–3.5)	.459	.643	0.13	73.5 (3.1)	74.0 (4.8)	1.0 (0.6–1.8)	.906	0.917	0.01	72.9 (4.4)	76.8 (3.9)	1.2 (0.6–2.4)	.499	.977	0.09
12-Month follow-up	73.9 (5.4)	81.8 (7.1)	1.6 (0.5–4.9)	.348	.846	0.19	66.5 (4.0)	78.3 (4.0)	1.9 (1.0–3.4)	.042	0.196	0.27	70.9 (5.3)	77.0 (3.6)	1.4 (0.8–2.5)	.263	.911	0.14
Homeless/risk (%)
6-Month follow-up	41.9 (7.3)	20.6 (6.4)	0.4 (0.1–0.9)	.036	.126	0.46	55.1 (4.5)	46.1 (5.9)	0.7 (0.4–1.3)	.267	0.594	0.18	24.5 (4.6)	17.9 (3.3)	0.7 (0.4–1.3)	.213	.746	0.16
12-Month follow-up	32.2 (8.6)	36.7 (6.6)	1.2 (0.5–2.8)	.588	.846	0.10	45.2 (4.7)	48.0 (4.9)	1.1 (0.7–1.9)	.643	0.643	0.06	23.1 (5.1)	21.7 (4.6)	0.9 (0.4–2.1)	.836	.976	0.03
Worried about cost (%)
6-Month follow-up	34.9 (6.5)	32.9 (5.4)	0.9 (0.4–1.9)	.807	.942	0.04	35.7 (4.4)	30.7 (4.2)	0.8 (0.5–1.4)	.402	0.594	0.11	29.0 (4.6)	27.5 (4.1)	0.9 (0.6–1.6)	.769	.977	0.03
12-Month follow-up	30.8 (5.6)	26.4 (7.7)	0.8 (0.3–2.0)	.604	.846	0.10	37.3 (4.3)	23.3 (4.9)	0.5 (0.2–1.0)	.056	0.196	0.31	28.3 (4.8)	23.7 (3.7)	0.8 (0.4–1.4)	.418	.911	0.11
Life difficulties total score out of 15 (mean)			Difference						Difference						Difference
6-Month follow-up	2.9 (0.4)	1.9 (0.3)	−1.1 (−1.9, −0.2)	.017	.120	0.44	3.3 (0.3)	3.3 (0.3)	0.0 (−0.8, 0.7)	.917	0.917	0.01	2.6 (0.3)	2.6 (0.2)	−0.1 (−0.7, 0.5)	.808	.977	0.03
12-Month follow-up	2.5 (0.4)	2.6 (0.3)	0.1 (−1.3, 1.5)	.883	.883	0.04	3.0 (0.2)	2.7 (0.3)	−0.2 (−0.9, 0.4)	.476	0.555	0.10	2.7 (0.3)	2.5 (0.3)	−0.2 (−1, 0.6)	.547	.911	0.12

Data are estimate (standard error) unless otherwise indicated.
Intervention–by–vulnerable subgroup interaction models were used multiple imputed data, were weighted for eligible sample for enrollment, and accounted for the design effect of the cluster randomization. A linear regression model was used for continuous variables (presented as between-group differences) and a logistic regression model for binary variables (presented as odds ratio [OR]), adjusted for baseline status of the dependent variable, age, education, race/ethnicity, 12-month depressive disorder, and community. No significant interactions of intervention and poverty status were found for any outcome variables.
CEP, Community Engagement and Planning; CI, confidence interval; ES, standardized effect size; MHQOL, mental health quality of life; P_FDR, P value adjusted for false discovery rate; PHQ-8, 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire; RS, Resources for Services.