Table 1. Baseline Sample Characteristics of the Patient Sample and Clinical Measures (n = 179)*
Age (years), mean ± SD53.1 ± 12.2
Female sex131 (73.2)
Race
    White27 (15.1)
    African American138 (77.1)
    Other2 (1.1)
    Unknown/missing12 (6.7)
Ethnicity
    Non-Hispanic137 (76.5)
    Hispanic5 (2.8)
    Unknown/missing37 (20.7)
Education
    Some high school or less20 (11.2)
    High school graduate36 (20.1)
    Some college or technical school21 (11.7)
    College graduate26 (14.5)
    Postgraduate/professional3 (1.7)
    Unknown/missing73 (40.8)
Insurance
    Private53 (29.6)
    Public (Medicare/Medicaid)74 (41.3)
    None47 (26.3)
    Unknown/missing5 (2.8)
Diagnosis
    Diabetes mellitus type 2117 (65.4)
    Prediabetes15 (8.4)
    At risk45 (25.1)
    Unknown/missing2 (1.1)
Smoking
    Current26 (14.5)
    Former33 (18.4)
    Never106 (59.2)
    Unknown/missing14 (7.8)

  • Data are n (%) unless otherwise indicated.

  • ↵* The sociodemographic, insurance, and smoking data were obtained from the patient electronic health records and were included if collected as part of a regular clinical encounter.

  • SD, standard deviation.