| Hypothalamic/pituitary stalk damage |
| Pituitary disorders |
| Chronic renal failure |
| Cirrhosis |
| Cranial radiation |
| Polycystic ovary disease |
| Medications |
| Antidepressants |
| Antihistamines |
| Antihypertensives |
Adapted with permission from Melmed S, Casanueva FF, Hoffman AR, et al; Endocrine Society. Diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011;96:273–88.