Table 1. Comparisons Between Participants With and Without Urinary Retention
VariablesUrinary Retention (n = 6)No Urinary Retention (n = 60)P Value
Age, mean (SD)46.5 (11.5)35.6 (10.8).022*
BUN, mean (SD)16.7 (5.5)16.0 (3.5).649
Creatinine, mean (SD)1.0 (0.1)1.0 (0.2).644
Bladder volume, mean (SD)184.8 (78.8)15.3 (22.2).000
Male sex5 (83.3)33 (55.0).230
White race6 (100)52 (86.7).923
Difficulty urinating.588
    None/never3 (50.0)47 (77.0)
    Rarely1 (16.7)4 (6.6)
    Occasionally1 (16.7)4 (6.6)
    Frequently1 (16.7)4 (6.6)
Urinary incontinence during the day.589
    None/never5 (50.0)43 (71.7)
    Rarely1 (33.3)9 (15.0)
    Occasionally0 (16.7)7 (11.7)
    Frequently01 (1.7)
Urinary incontinence during the night.795
    None/never5 (83.3)45 (75.0)
    Rarely1 (16.7)11 (18.3)
    Occasionally04 (6.7)
    Frequently00
Urinary frequency.003
    None/never1 (16.7)41 (68.3)
    Rarely1 (16.7)10 (16.7)
    Occasionally06 (10.0)
    Frequently4 (67.0)3 (5.0)
Infrequent urination.696
    None/never4 (66.7)32 (53.3)
    Rarely1 (16.7)8 (13.3)
    Occasionally012 (20.0)
    Frequently1 (16.7)8 (13.3)
Abnormal pain.209
    None/never4 (66.7)46 (76.7)
    Rarely1 (16.7)9 (15.0)
    Occasionally04 (6.7)
    Frequently1 (16.7)1 (1.7)
Uncharacteristic mood changes.956
    None/never4 (66.7)37 (61.7)
    Rarely1 (16.7)10 (16.7)
    Occasionally1 (16.7)10 (16.7)
    Frequently0 (16.7)3 (5.0)
Uncharacteristic behavioral changes.899
    None/never3 (50.0)35 (58.3)
    Rarely1 (16.7)8 (13.3)
    Occasionally2 (33.3)12 (20.0)
    Frequently04 (6.7)
Intelligibility by familiar others.978
    None/never02 (3.3)
    Rarely01 (1.7)
    Occasionally1 (16.7)8 (13.3)
    Frequently5 (83.3)49 (81.7)
Intelligibility by unfamiliar others.117
    None/never1 (16.7)5 (8.3)
    Rarely3 (50.0)10 (16.7)
    Occasionally2 (33.3)21 (35.0)
    Frequently024 (40.0)
Bladder infections01 (1.6)1.000
Wears Depends04 (6.6)1.000
History of bladder damage00NA
History of kidney damage00NA
  • Data are n (%) unless otherwise indicated.

  • * P < .05.

  • P < .01.

  • Numbers do not add up to 100% because of missing data.

  • BUN, blood urea nitrogen; NA, not applicable; SD, standard deviation.