Table 5. Take-Home Points on Specific Population Groups to Test for Latent Tuberculosis Infections (LTBIs)

Categories	Population Groups	Description
High risk of exposure or infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis^10,12,58	Close contact	Children, adolescents, or adults with close contact with high-risk adults
	Congregated living conditions	Employees or residents of long-term care facilities, correctional facilities, homeless shelters
	Foreign born	People who moved from countries with a high burden of TB to the United States (<5 years)
High risk of LTBI progression to TB disease^10,12,58	History of TB	People acquiring latent TB infection within the previous 2 years or people with previous untreated/ineffective treatment of active TB with no sign of active TB at the time of starting latent TB treatment
	Age	Children <4 years
	Substance use	People who inject illicit drugs
	Immunosuppression	People with poor nutrition status; previous surgical interventions (e.g., gastrointestinal surgical procedures); immunosuppressive medications (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α antagonists, chronic corticosteroid use); immunocompromising conditions (e.g., HIV, chronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus, cancer)