Table 3. Z-scores and Weight Categories by Study Groups
VariableIntervention GroupComparison GroupP Value
Mean z-score ± SD
    At baseline measurement2.07 ± 0.352.12 ± 0.3.099
    After the intervention1.74 ± 0.81.95 ± 0.4.019
    At last measurement1.75 ± 0.6—<.000*
Weight categories at baseline (%)
    Overweight25.029.6.337
    Obesity75.070.4
Weight categories after intervention† (%)
    Normal13.04.8<.001
    Overweight53.032.9
    Obesity34.062.4

  • ↵* Paired t test, baseline measurement vs. last measurement (average of 46.7 months from baseline).

  • ↵† Next measurement after the intervention ended; z-score controls for age and sex.

  • SD, standard deviation.