Table 2. Factors Associated With Physicians Routinely Recommending the 20-μg/day Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System (LNG-IUS) to 4 Patient Types: Multivariable Logistic Regression Models

	Patient Types^*
	Nulliparous Women	Adolescents (age <20)	Women With a History of STIs or PID	Women With a History of Ectopic Pregnancy
Physician demographics and practice characteristics
Family physician^{^†}	1.59 (0.68–3.57)	1.45 (0.66–2.78)	1.72 (0.77–3.85)	0.53 (0.24–1.16)
Academic practice setting^{^‡}	1.32 (0.51–3.46)	0.99 (0.43–2.30)	0.97 (0.40–2.33)	0.75 (0.31–1.85)
Greater than 10 years since residency	0.44 (0.21–0.93)^{^§}	0.73 (0.37–1.45)	0.76 (0.37–1.53)	0.93 (0.45–1.91)
Female sex	2.14 (0.97–4.74)	0.92 (0.43–1.96)	0.90 (0.40–2.01)	1.24 (0.56–2.79)
Trains residents/fellows	1.95 (0.88–4.30)	3.56 (1.58–8.04)^{^§}	3.71 (1.64–8.43)^{^§}	3.05 (1.32–7.01)^{^§}
More than 10 LNG-IUS inserted per year	1.50 (0.67–1.53)	1.50 (0.70–3.20)	2.28 (1.04–5.01)^{^§}	1.11 (0.51–2.42)
Knowledge about LNG-IUS
Perfect score on 2 item general knowledge	2.39 (1.09–5.25)^{^§}	1.62 (0.73–3.60)	1.57 (0.69–3.56)	1.15 (0.51–2.61)
Complications score^{^‖} (continuous out of 5)	1.02 (0.68–1.53)	1.11 (0.76–1.63)	0.96 (0.64–1.43)	1.84 (1.18–2.88)^{^§}
Perceived factors that negatively influence recommending LNG-IUS, answered yes
Cost	0.76 (0.33–1.74)	0.44 (0.19–1.02)	1.39 (0.60–3.21)	0.92 (0.39–2.16)
Irregular bleeding	0.40 (0.18–0.88)^{^§}	1.42 (0.66–3.04)	0.56 (0.25–1.24)	1.30 (0.59–2.87)
Cramping/pain	1.04 (0.33–3.29)	0.56 (0.18–1.69)	0.33 (0.09–1.20)	0.30 (0.08–1.11)
Risk of infertility/STIs/PID	0.19 (0.08–0.45)^{^§}	0.85 (0.36–2.00)	0.30 (0.11–0.77)^{^§}	0.38 (0.15–0.98)^{^§}

Data are adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals).
↵* Logistic regression models adjust for all variables in the table (n = 186 for all models).
↵† Reference is obstetrician-gynecologist.
↵‡ Reference is nonacademic practice settings.
↵§ P < .05.
↵‖ The complications score is calculated from number of correct answers on 5 questions regarding infertility, PID, STI, and ectopic pregnancy risks of LNG-IUS use.
PID, pelvic inflammatory disease; STI, sexually transmitted infection.