| Ferritin level | |
| Complaints of fatigue | |
| Yes | 3.00 (1.77–5.08) |
| No | 1.00 (—) |
| Complaints of painful joints | |
| Yes | 2.20 (1.30–3.73) |
| No | 1.00 (—) |
| Transferrin saturation | |
| Complaints of fatigue | |
| Yes | 1.44 (1.10–1.89) |
| No | 1.00 (—) |
| Complaints of painful joints | |
| Yes | 1.46 (1.12–1.92) |
| No | 1.00 (—) |
| Liver biopsy | |
| Complaints of fatigue | |
| Yes | 1.20 (0.89–1.60) |
| No | 1.00 (—) |
| Complaints of painful joints | |
| Yes | 1.44 (1.08–1.92) |
| No | 1.00 (—) |
| Genetic testing | |
| Complaints of fatigue | |
| Yes | 1.26 (0.89–1.79) |
| No | 1.00 (—) |
| Complaints of painful joints | |
| Yes | 1.30 (0.92–1.84) |
| No | 1.00 (—) |
All values provided as odds ratio (95% confidence interval).
↵* Adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity.